test: verify `performance.timerify()` works w/ non-Node Contexts

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23784


Reviewed-By: Refael Ackermann <refack@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>