doc: simplify CHANGELOG.md

Remove unnecessary `<sup>` usage and lint-disabling comment.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/40475


Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <targos@protonmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Antoine du Hamel <duhamelantoine1995@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <rlau@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <midawson@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Trivikram Kamat <trivikr.dev@gmail.com>