tools: make apilinks building more robust

1. Move the apilinks.json file into out/doc so it gets cleaned when
  running `make docclean`
2. When the apilinks.json generated is empty, throw a specific error
  so it's easier to understand what's wrong
3. Write to a file passed through CLI arguments instead writing to
  stdout in apilinks.js so the build process is more robust in
  the case of a bad binary

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/25019


Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>