test: fix flaky test-worker-message-port-transfer-self

Look at the status of the `MessagePort` rather than
relying on a timeout.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/22658


Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Denys Otrishko <shishugi@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu <timothygu99@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>