module: deprecate module.parent

This feature does not work when a module is imported using ECMAScript
modules specification, therefore it is deprecated.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/modules/issues/469

Backport-PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/33533
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32217


Reviewed-By: Gus Caplan <me@gus.host>
Reviewed-By: Bradley Farias <bradley.meck@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Matteo Collina <matteo.collina@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Tobias Nießen <tniessen@tnie.de>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>