src: make code cache test work with snapshots

Keep track of snapshotted modules in JS land, and move
bootstrap switches into StartExecution() so that
they are not included into part of the environment-independent
bootstrap process.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32984


Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Daniel Bevenius <daniel.bevenius@gmail.com>