wasi,worker: handle termination exception

Be careful when emitting the 'beforeExit' event. It's not allowed to
call into the runtime when a termination exception is pending.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/33377

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/33386


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>