async_hooks: fix resource stack for deep stacks

460c81dc introduced a bug where the execution resource was not
stored properly if we needed to call into C++ to extend the stack size.
Fix that bug by always storing the resource.

Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/34319
Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/34556

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/34573


Reviewed-By: Andrey Pechkurov <apechkurov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Gerhard Stöbich <deb2001-github@yahoo.de>
Reviewed-By: Gus Caplan <me@gus.host>