assert: fix backport regression

This fixes a regression for an error case with `assert.rejects` and
`assert.doesNotReject`.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/27185

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/27202


Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Beth Griggs <Bethany.Griggs@uk.ibm.com>