lib: clean up usage of threw

Use try/catch to instead of threw.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/10534


Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>