src: refactor bootstrap to use bootstrap object

Backport-PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/21798
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/20917


Reviewed-By: Gus Caplan <me@gus.host>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <targos@protonmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <ruben@bridgewater.de>
Reviewed-By: Ben Noordhuis <info@bnoordhuis.nl>
Reviewed-By: Joyee Cheung <joyeec9h3@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Refael Ackermann <refack@gmail.com>