doc: fix heading levels in C++ style guide

Adjust heading levels to align with the table of contents.

Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23028
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23061


Reviewed-By: Vse Mozhet Byt <vsemozhetbyt@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Refael Ackermann <refack@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Tobias Nießen <tniessen@tnie.de>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Joyee Cheung <joyeec9h3@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Gireesh Punathil <gpunathi@in.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Daniel Bevenius <daniel.bevenius@gmail.com>