src: DRY crypto Update() methods

Factor out the common logic into a template function.
Removes approximately six instances of copy/pasted code.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31767


Reviewed-By: Santiago Gimeno <santiago.gimeno@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: David Carlier <devnexen@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Tobias Nießen <tniessen@tnie.de>