process: do not directly schedule _tickCallback in _fatalException

When a process encounters a _fatalException that is caught, it should
schedule execution of nextTicks but not in an arbitrary place of the
next Immediates queue. Instead, add a no-op function to the queue
that will ensure processImmediate runs, which will then ensure
that nextTicks are processed at the end.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/17841


Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>