quic: extensive refactoring of QuicStream lifecycle

This one was a bit of a rabbit hole... but, with this set of
changes, `QuicStream` should now work with autoDestroy, supports
a promisified `close()`, and fixes a number of other internal
bugs that were spotted trying to get it to work.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/34351


Reviewed-By: Robert Nagy <ronagy@icloud.com>
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>