[tsan] Add callbacks for futex syscalls and mark them as blocking on tsan (#86537)

Fixes #83844.

This PR adds callbacks to mark futex syscalls as blocking. Unfortunately
we didn't have a mechanism before to mark syscalls as a blocking call,
so I had to implement it, but it mostly reuses the `BlockingCall`
implementation
[here](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/96819daa3d095cf9f662e0229dc82eaaa25480e8/compiler-rt/lib/tsan/rtl/tsan_interceptors_posix.cpp#L362-L380).

The issue includes some information but this issue was discovered
because Rust uses futexes directly. So most likely we need to update
Rust as well to use these callbacks.

Also see the latest comments in #85188 for some context.
I also sent another PR #84162 to mark `pthread_*_lock` calls as
blocking.