[Attributor] Deduce attributes for non-exact functions

This patch is based on D63312 and D63319. For now we create shallow wrappers for all functions that are IPO amendable.
See also [this github issue](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/172).

Reviewed By: jdoerfert

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D76404