[flang] Handle preprocessor macro expansion edge case (#73835)

When a reference to a function-like macro begins during the rescanning
of the expansion of another macro but is not completed by the end of
that expansion, it is necessary to abort that rescanning of that
expansion and try again when more tokens can be acquired. (See the new
unclosed-FLM.F90 test case.) All other Fortran preprocessors to which I
have access can handle this situation.