[Attributor] Share code for abstract interpretation of allocation sizes with...

[Attributor] Share code for abstract interpretation of allocation sizes with getObjectSize [NFC-ish]

The basic idea is that we can parameterize the getObjectSize implementation with a callback which lets us replace the operand before analysis if desired. This is what Attributor is doing during it's abstract interpretation, and allows us to have one copy of the code.

Note this is not NFC for two reasons:
* The existing attributor code is wrong. (Well, this is under-specified to be honest, but at least inconsistent.) The intermediate math needs to be done in the index type of the pointer space. Imagine e.g. i64 arguments in a 32 bit address space.
* I did not preserve the behavior in getAPInt where we return 0 for a partially analyzed value. This looks simply wrong in the original code, and nothing test wise contradicts that.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D117241