[ValueTracking] Limit scan when checking poison UB (PR50155)

The current code can scan an unlimited number of instructions,
if the containing basic block is very large. The test case from
PR50155 contains a basic block with approximately 100k instructions.

To avoid this, limit the number of instructions we inspect. At
the same time, drop the limit on the number of basic blocks, as
this will be implicitly limited by the number of instructions as
well.

(cherry picked from commit 2cd78686)