[EntryExitInstrumenter] Move passes out of clang into LLVM default pipelines (#92171)

Move EntryExitInstrumenter(PostInlining=true) to as late as possible and
EntryExitInstrumenter(PostInlining=false) to an early pre-inlining stage
(but skip for ThinLTO post-link).

This should fix the issues reported in
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/92109 and
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/52853. These are caused
by https://reviews.llvm.org/D97608.