[clang][dataflow] Fix crash when `ConstantExpr` is used in conditional operator. (#90112)

`ConstantExpr` does not appear as a `CFGStmt` in the CFG, so
`StmtToEnvMap::getEnvironment()` was not finding an entry for it in the
map,
causing a crash when we tried to access the iterator resulting from the
map
lookup.

The fix is to make `ignoreCFGOmittedNodes()` ignore `ConstantExpr`, but
in
addition, I'm hardening `StmtToEnvMap::getEnvironment()` to make sure
release
builds don't crash in similar situations in the future.