[mlir][Arith] `ValueBoundsOpInterface`: Support `arith.select` (#87870)

This commit adds a `ValueBoundsOpInterface` implementation for
`arith.select`. The implementation is almost identical to `scf.if`
(#85895), but there is one special case: if the condition is a shaped
value, the selection is applied element-wise and the result shape can be
inferred from either operand.

Note: This is a re-upload of #86383.