[InstCombine] Create a class to lazily track computed known bits (#66611)

This patch adds a new class "WithCache" which stores a pointer to
any type passable to computeKnownBits along with KnownBits
information which is computed on-demand when getKnownBits()
is called. This allows reusing the known bits information when it is
passed as an argument to multiple functions.

It also changes a few functions to accept WithCache(s) so that
known bits information computed in some callees can be propagated to
others from the top level visitAddSub caller.

This gives a speedup of 0.14%:
https://llvm-compile-time-tracker.com/compare.php?from=499d41cef2e7bbb65804f6a815b9fa8b27efce0f&to=fbea87f1f1e6d5552e2bc309f8e201a3af6d28ec&stat=instructions:u