[NFC][InstrProf]Refactor readPGOFuncNameStrings (#71566)

Refactor this function to take a callback for each decoded string, rename it and change it to a static function in cpp. Move its (sole) caller definition from header to cpp.
- This is a split of patch https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/66825; to minimize the diff created in a big PR.