[mlir][nvvm] Introduce `nvvm.barrier` OP (#81487)

This PR that introduces the `nvvm.barrier` OP to the NVVM dialect.
Currently, NVVM only supports the `nvvm.barrier0`, which synchronizes
all threads using barrier resource 0.

The new `nvvm.barrier` has two essential arguments: the barrier resource
and the number of threads. This added flexibility allows for selective
synchronization of threads within a CTA, aligning with the capabilities
provided by LLVM intrinsics or the PTX model.

I think we can deprecate `nvvm.barrier0` in favor of the more generic
`nvvm.barrier`.

```
// Equivalent to nvvm.barrier0 (or __syncthreads() in CUDA)
nvvm.barrier

// Synchronize all threads using the 3rd barrier resource.
nvvm.barrier id = 3

// Synchronize %numberOfThreads threads using the 3rd barrier resource.
nvvm.barrier id = 3 number_of_threads = %numberOfThreads
```