[lldb/DWARF] Make sure bad abbreviation codes do not crash lldb (#93006)

We currently cannot represent abbreviation codes with more than 16 bits,
and we were lldb-asserting if we ever ran into one. While I haven't seen
any real DWARF with these kinds of abbreviations, it is possible to hit
this with handcrafted evil dwarf, due some sort of corruptions, or just
bugs (the addition of PeekDIEName makes these bugs more likely, as the
function blindly dereferences offsets within the debug info section) .

Missing abbreviations were already reporting an error. This patch turns
sure that large abbreviations into an error as well, and adds a test for
both cases.