[Driver][test] Remove clang{{.*}} when testing -cc1 command lines

The majority of tests omit testing "clang" for -cc1 command lines. In addition,
some distributions symlink %clang to an executable with a content hash based
filename so clang{{.*}} check won't work.

With this change, we can remove many -no-canonical-prefixes whose purpose was to
make the tests pass on such distributions.