Support polynomial attributes with floating point coefficients (#91137)

In summary:

- `Monomial` -> `MonomialBase` with two inheriting `IntMonomial` and
`FloatMonomial` for the different coefficient types
- `Polynomial` -> `PolynomialBase` with `IntPolynomial` and
`FloatPolynomial` inheriting
- `PolynomialAttr` -> `IntPolynomialAttr`, and new `FloatPolynomialAttr`
attribute, both of which may be input to `polynomial.constant`
- Refactoring common parts of attribute parsers.

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Co-authored-by: Jeremy Kun <j2kun@users.noreply.github.com>