[DebugInfo][NFC] Refactor BinOp+GEP salvaging in salvageDebugInfoImpl

This patch refactors out the salvaging of GEP and BinOp instructions into
separate functions, in preparation for further changes to the salvaging of these
instructions coming in another patch; there should be no functional change as a
result of this refactor.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D92851