[NewPM] Make eager analysis invalidation per-adaptor

Follow-up change to D111575.
We don't need eager invalidation on every adaptor. Most notably,
adaptors running passes that use very few analyses, or passes that
purely invalidate specific analyses.

Also allow testing of this via a pipeline string
"function<eager-inv>()".

The compile time/memory impact of this is very comparable to D111575.
https://llvm-compile-time-tracker.com/compare.php?from=9a2eec512a29df45c90c2fcb741e9d5c693b1383&to=b9f20bcdea138060967d95a98eab87ce725b22bb&stat=instructions

Reviewed By: nikic

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D113196