LoopVectorize: guard appending InstsToScalarize; fix bug (#88720)

In the process of collecting instructions to scalarize, LoopVectorize
uses faulty reasoning whereby it also adds instructions that will be
scalar after vectorization. If an instruction satisfies
isScalarAfterVectorization() for the given VF, it should not be appended
to InstsToScalarize. Add this extra guard, fixing a crash.

Fixes #55096.