[clang][Sema] Bugfix for choosing the more specialized overload (#83279)

There was a bug in Clang where it couldn't choose which overload
candidate was more specialized if it was comparing a member-function to
a non-member function. Previously, this was detected as an ambiguity,
now Clang chooses correctly.

This patch fixes the bug by fully implementing CWG2445 and moving the
template transformation described in `[temp.func.order]` paragraph 3
from `isAtLeastAsSpecializedAs()` to
`Sema::getMoreSpecializedTemplate()` so we have the transformed
parameter list during the whole comparison. Also, to be able to add the
correct type for the implicit object parameter
`Sema::getMoreSpecializedTemplate()` has new parameters for the object
type.

Fixes #74494, fixes #82509