Remove some `try_compile` CMake checks for compiler flags (#92953)

This patch remove 36 checks for compiler flags that are done via
invoking the compiler across LLVM, Clang, and LLDB. It's was made
possible by raising the bar for supported compilers that has been
happening over the years since the checks were added.

This is going to improve CMake configuration times. This topic was
highlighted in
https://discourse.llvm.org/t/cmake-compiler-flag-checks-are-really-slow-ideas-to-speed-them-up/78882.