[libc++][print] Moves is_terminal to the dylib. (#80464)

Having the test in the header requires including unistd.h on POSIX
platforms. This header has other declarations which may conflict with
code that uses named declarations provided by this header. For example
code using "int pipe;" would conflict with the function pipe in this
header.

Moving the code to the dylib means std::print would not be available on
Apple backdeployment targets. On POSIX platforms there is no transcoding
required so a not Standard conforming implementation is still a useful
and the observable differences are minimal. This behaviour has been done
for print before https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/76293.

Note questions have been raised in LWG4044 "Confusing requirements for
std::print on POSIX platforms", whether or not the isatty check on POSIX
platforms is required. When this LWG issue is resolved the
backdeployment targets could become Standard compliant.

This patch is intended to be backported to the LLVM-18 branch.

Fixes: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/79782