[mlir] Remove the use of FilterTypes for template metaprogramming

This technique results in an explosion in compile time, resulting from a
huge number of std::tuple/concat instatiations. This technique is replaced
by simpler metaprogramming and results in a signficant reduction in
compile time. A local debug/asan build saw a 4x speed up in the processing
of ArithmeticOps.h.inc, and given the nature of this change every dialect
should see similar reductions in compile time.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D123360