[Clang] Set writable and dead_on_unwind attributes on sret arguments (#77116)

Set the writable and dead_on_unwind attributes for sret arguments. These
indicate that the argument points to writable memory (and it's legal to
introduce spurious writes to it on entry to the function) and that the
argument memory will not be used if the call unwinds.

This enables additional MemCpyOpt/DSE/LICM optimizations.