[Attributor][FIX] Check AA preconditions

AAs often have preconditions, e.g., that the associated type is a
pointer type. If these do not hold, we do not need to bother creating
the AA. Best case, we invalidate it right away, worst case, we crash or
do something wrong (as happend in the issues below).

Fixes: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/63553
Fixes: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/63597