Reland "[clang][modules] Print library module manifest path." (#82160)

This implements a way for the compiler to find the modules.json
associated with the C++23 Standard library modules.

This is based on a discussion in SG15. At the moment no Standard library
installs this manifest. #75741 adds this feature in libc++.

This reverts commit 82f424f7.

Disables the tests on non-X86 platforms as suggested.