[ORC] Add absoluteSymbolsLinkGraph to expose absolute symbols to platform (#77008)

Adds a function to create a LinkGraph of absolute symbols, and a
callback in dynamic library search generators to enable using it to
expose its symbols to the platform/orc runtime. This allows e.g. using
__orc_rt_run_program to run a precompiled function that was found via
dlsym. Ideally we would use this in llvm-jitlink's own search generator,
but it will require more work to align with the Process/Platform
JITDylib split, so not handled here.

As part of this change we need to handle LinkGraphs that only have
absolute symbols.