Commit 055efab3 ("kbuild: drop support for cc-ldoption") correctly
removed the cc-ldoption from Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt, but
commit cd238eff ("docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename
to *.rst") revived it. I guess it was a rebase mistake.

Remove it again.

Fixes: cd238eff

 ("docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst")
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

I see the following warnings when I open this document with a ReST
viewer, retext:

/home/masahiro/ref/linux/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.rst:1142: (WARNING/2) Inline emphasis start-string without end-string.
/home/masahiro/ref/linux/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.rst:1152: (WARNING/2) Inline emphasis start-string without end-string.
/home/masahiro/ref/linux/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.rst:1154: (WARNING/2) Inline emphasis start-string without end-string.

These hunks were added by commit e846f0dc ("kbuild: add support
for ensuring headers are self-contained") and commit 1e21cbfa
("kbuild: support header-test-pattern-y"), respectively. They were
written not for ReST but for the plain text, and merged via the
kbuild tree.

In the same development cycle, this document was converted to ReST
by commit cd238eff ("docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename
to *.rst"), and merged via the doc sub-system.

Merging them together into Linus' tree resulted in the current situation.

To fix the syntax, surround the asterisks with back-quotes, and
use :: for the code sample.

Fixes: 39ceda5c ("Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild"

)
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

This line contains $(MAKE), so Make knows that it will invoke sub-make
without help of the '+' marker.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

scripts/package/Makefile does not use $(obj) or $(src) at all.
It actually generates files and directories in the top of $(objtree).
I do not see much sense in descending into scripts/package/.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

These are not real targets. Adding them to PHONY is preferred.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

I am not a big fan of the $(objtree)/ hack for clean-files/clean-dirs.

These are created in the top of $(objtree), so let's clean them up
from the top Makefile.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

When we execute make after merging the configurations we ignore any
errors it produces causing whatever is running merge_config.sh to be
unaware of any failures.  This issue was noticed by Guillaume Tucker
while looking at problems with testing of clang only builds in KernelCI
which caused Kbuild to be unable to find a working host compiler.

This implementation was suggested by Yamada-san.

Suggested-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reported-by: Guillaume Tucker <guillaume.tucker@collabora.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Makefile.lib is included by Makefile.modfinal as well as Makefile.build.

Move modkern_cflags to Makefile.lib in order to simplify cmd_cc_o_c
in Makefile.modfinal. Move modkern_cflags as well for consistency.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Add CONFIG_ASM_MODVERSIONS. This allows to remove one if-conditional
nesting in scripts/Makefile.build.

scripts/Makefile.build is run every time Kbuild descends into a
sub-directory. So, I want to avoid $(wildcard ...) evaluation
where possible although computing $(wildcard ...) is so cheap that
it may not make measurable performance difference.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>

The pattern '*.order' was added by commit c6025f4c

 ("kbuild: ignore
*.order files") to ignore modules.order files.

I do not see any other user of the '.order' extension.

Ignore 'modules.order' explicitly instead of '*.order'.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

I think splitting the modpost and linking modules into separate
Makefiles will be useful especially when more complex build steps
come in. The main motivation of this commit is to integrate the
proposed klp-convert feature cleanly.

I moved the logging 'Building modules, stage 2.' to Makefile.modpost
to avoid the code duplication although I do not know whether or not
this message is needed in the first place.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Currently, the timestamp of module linker scripts are not checked.
Add them to the dependency of modules so they are correctly rebuilt.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

These three variables are not intended to be tweaked by users.
Move them from kbuild.rst to makefiles.rst.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Now that the single target build descends into sub-directories in the
same way as the normal build, these dummy Makefiles are not needed
any more.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Currently, the single target build directly descends into the directory
of the target. For example,

  $ make foo/bar/baz.o

... directly descends into foo/bar/.

On the other hand, the normal build usually descends one directory at
a time, i.e. descends into foo/, and then foo/bar/.

This difference causes some problems.

[1] miss subdir-asflags-y, subdir-ccflags-y in upper Makefiles

    The options in subdir-{as,cc}flags-y take effect in the current
    and its sub-directories. In other words, they are inherited
    downward. In the example above, the single target will miss
    subdir-{as,cc}flags-y if they are defined in foo/Makefile.

[2] could be built in a different directory

    As Documentation/kbuild/modules.rst section 4.3 says, Kbuild can
    handle files that are spread over several sub-directories.

    The build rule of foo/bar/baz.o may not necessarily be specified in
    foo/bar/Makefile. It might be specifies in foo/Makefile as follows:

    [foo/Makefile]
    obj-y := bar/baz.o

    This often happens when a module is so big that its source files
    are divided into sub-directories.

    In this case, there is no Makefile in the foo/bar/ directory, yet
    the single target descends into foo/bar/, then fails due to the
    missing Makefile. You can still do 'make foo/bar/' for partial
    building, but cannot do 'make foo/bar/baz.s'. I believe the single
    target '%.s' is a useful feature for inspecting the compiler output.

    Some modules work around this issue by putting an empty Makefile
    in every sub-directory.

This commit fixes those problems by making the single target build
descend in the same way as the normal build does.

Another change is the single target build will observe the CONFIG
options. Previously, it allowed users to build the foo.o even when
the corresponding CONFIG_FOO is disabled:

   obj-$(CONFIG_FOO) += foo.o

In the new behavior, the single target build will just fail and show
"No rule to make target ..." (or "Nothing to be done for ..." if the
stale object already exists, but cannot be updated).

The disadvantage of this commit is the build speed. Now that the
single target build visits every directory and parses lots of
Makefiles, it is slower than before. (But, I hope it will not be
too slow.)

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

When kallsyms generation happens, temporary vmlinux outputs are linked
but the quiet make output didn't report it, giving the impression that
the prior command is taking longer than expected.

Instead, report the linking step explicitly. While at it, this
consolidates the repeated "kallsyms generation step" into a single
function and removes the existing copy/pasting.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

scripts/headers_check.pl can detect references to CONFIG options in
exported headers, but it has been disabled for more than a decade.

Reverting commit 7e3fa561 ("kbuild: drop check for CONFIG_ in
headers_check") would emit the following warnings for headers_check
on x86:

usr/include/mtd/ubi-user.h:283: leaks CONFIG_MTD_UBI_BEB_LIMIT to userspace where it is not valid
usr/include/linux/cm4000_cs.h:26: leaks CONFIG_COMPAT to userspace where it is not valid
usr/include/linux/pkt_cls.h:301: leaks CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT to userspace where it is not valid
usr/include/linux/videodev2.h:2465: leaks CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG to userspace where it is not valid
usr/include/linux/bpf.h:249: leaks CONFIG_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS to userspace where it is not valid
usr/include/linux/bpf.h:819: leaks CONFIG_CGROUP_NET_CLASSID to userspace where it is not valid
usr/include/linux/bpf.h:1011: leaks CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID to userspace where it is not va...

Factor out the duplicated code for in-kernel and external module
cleaning.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

The in-kernel build and external module build have similar code
for descending into sub-directories.

Factor out the code into the common place.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

There is no need to set 0 to variables such as config-targets,
mixed-targets, etc.

Unset instead of setting 0 in order to use 'ifdef' to test them.

I also renamed:

  config-targets  ->  config-build
  mixed-targets   ->  mixed-build
  dot-config      ->  need-config

to clarify what we are doing.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

'make clean' descends into ./Kbuild, but does not clean anything
since everything is added to no-clean-files.

There is no need to descend to ./Kbuild in the first place.
We can drop the no-clean-files assignment.

With this, there is no more user of no-clean-files. I will keep it
for a while to see whether a new user will appear.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

timeconst.h is generated by $(call filechk,...), missing-syscalls and
old-atomics are invoked by $(call cmd,...)

None of them needs to be added to 'targets'.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

'make /' is just an alias for 'make ./'; this builds all objects of an
external module, but skips the modpost stage.

I am not a big fan of 'make /' since it looks as if it were touching
the root directory of the system. I like 'make ./' better.

I do not know how many people are using it, but let's show a hint if
it is used. Also, move it close to the external module rules since
this only makes sense for external modules.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

For the single target building %.symtypes from %.S, $(a_flags) is
expanded into the _KERNEL flags even if the object is a part of a
module.

$(real-obj-m:.o=.symtypes): modkern_aflags := $(KBUILD_AFLAGS_MODULE) $(AFLAGS_MODULE)

... would fix the issue, but it is not nice to duplicate similar code
for every suffix.

Implement modkern_aflags in the same way as modkern_cflags.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Make it even shorter.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

$(objtree)/Module.symvers is not required for descending into
sub-directories. It is needed for the modpost stage.

Move the Module.symvers check to the right place.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Currently, Kbuild treats an object as multi-used when any of
$(foo-objs), $(foo-y), $(foo-m) is set. It makes more sense to
check $(foo-) as well.

In the context of foo-$(CONFIG_FOO_FEATURE1), CONFIG_FOO_FEATURE1
could be unset.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

This builds module objects, so [M] makes sense.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Update the build scripts and the version magic to reflect when
CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT is enabled in the same way as CONFIG_PREEMPT is treated.

The resulting version strings:

  Linux m 5.3.0-rc1+ #100 SMP Fri Jul 26 ...
  Linux m 5.3.0-rc1+ #101 SMP PREEMPT Fri Jul 26 ...
  Linux m 5.3.0-rc1+ #102 SMP PREEMPT_RT Fri Jul 26 ...

The module vermagic:

  5.3.0-rc1+ SMP mod_unload modversions
  5.3.0-rc1+ SMP preempt mod_unload modversions
  5.3.0-rc1+ SMP preempt_rt mod_unload modversions

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Flex and bison are used for kconfig, dtc, genksyms, all of which are
host programs. I never imagine the kernel embeds a parser or a lexer.

Move the flex and bison rules to scripts/Makefile.host. This file is
included only when hostprogs-y etc. is present in the Makefile in the
directory. So, parsing these rules are skipped in most of directories.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

We generally expect bison to create not only a C file, but also a
header, which will be included from the lexer.

Currently, Kbuild generates them in separate rules. So, for instance,
when building Kconfig, you will notice bison is invoked twice:

  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/confdata.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/expr.o
  LEX     scripts/kconfig/lexer.lex.c
  YACC    scripts/kconfig/parser.tab.h
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/lexer.lex.o
  YACC    scripts/kconfig/parser.tab.c
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/parser.tab.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/preprocess.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/symbol.o
  HOSTLD  scripts/kconfig/conf

Make handles such cases nicely in pattern rules [1]. Merge the two
rules so that one invokcation of bison can generate both of them.

  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/conf.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/confdata.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/expr.o
  LEX     scripts/kconfig/lexer.lex.c
  YACC    scripts/kconfig/parser.tab.[ch]
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/lexer.lex.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/parser.tab.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/preprocess.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/kconfig/symbol.o
  HOSTLD  scripts/kconfig/conf

[1] Pattern rule

GNU Make manual says:
"Pattern rules may have more than one target. Unlike normal rules,
this does not act as many different rules with the same prerequisites
and recipe. If a pattern rule has multiple targets, make knows that
the rule's recipe is responsible for making all of the targets. The
recipe is executed only once to make all the targets. When searching
for a pattern rule to match a target, the target patterns of a rule
other than the one that matches the target in need of a rule are
incidental: make worries only about giving a recipe and prerequisites
to the file presently in question. However, when this file's recipe is
run, the other targets are marked as having been updated themselves."

https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Pattern-Intro.html



Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

$(basename ...) trims the last suffix. Using it is more intuitive in
my opinion.

This pattern rule makes %.asn1.c and %.asn1.h at the same time.
Previously, the short log showed only either of them, depending on
the target file in question.

To clarify that two files are being generated by the single recipe,
I changed the log as follows:

Before:

  ASN.1   crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509.asn1.c

After:

  ASN.1   crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509.asn1.[ch]

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

The gold linker has known issues of failing the build both in random and in
predictible ways:

 - The x86/X32 VDSO build fails with:

   arch/x86/entry/vdso/vclock_gettime-x32.o:vclock_gettime.c:function do_hres:
   error: relocation overflow: reference to 'hvclock_page'

   That's a known issue for years and the usual workaround is to disable
   CONFIG_X86_32

 - A recent build failure is caused by turning a relocation into an
   absolute one for unknown reasons. See link below.

 - There are a couple of gold workarounds applied already, but reports
   about broken builds with ld.gold keep coming in on a regular base and in
   most cases the root cause is unclear.

In context of the most recent fail H.J. stated:

  "Since building a workable kernel for different kernel configurations
   isn't a requirement for gold, I don't recommend gold for kernel."

So instead of dealing with attempts to duct tape gold support without
understanding the root cause and without sup...

This patch adds a check to warn about static EXPORT_SYMBOL* functions
during the modpost. In most of the cases, a static symbol marked for
exporting is an odd combination that should be fixed either by deleting
the exporting mark or by removing the static attribute and adding the
appropriate declaration to headers.

This check could help to detect the following problems:
1. 550113d4 ("i2c: add newly exported functions to the header, too")
2. 54638c6e ("net: phy: make exported variables non-static")
3. 98ef2046 ("mm: remove the exporting of totalram_pages")
4. 73df167c ("s390/zcrypt: remove the exporting of ap_query_configuration")
5. a57caf8c ("sunrpc/cache: remove the exporting of cache_seq_next")
6. e4e47306 ("crypto: skcipher - remove the exporting of skcipher_walk_next")
7. 14b4c48b ("gve: Remove the exporting of gve_probe")
8. 9b79ee97

 ("scsi: libsas: remove the exporting of sas_wait_eh")
9. ...

The build time impact is very limited and is almost at the unnoticeable
level (< 1 sec).

Acked-by: Emil Velikov <emil.l.velikov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Denis Efremov <efremov@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>

Pull dax fixes from Dan Williams:
 "A filesystem-dax and device-dax fix for v5.3.

  The filesystem-dax fix is tagged for stable as the implementation has
  been mistakenly throwing away all cow pages on any truncate or hole
  punch operation as part of the solution to coordinate device-dma vs
  truncate to dax pages.

  The device-dax change fixes up a regression this cycle from the
  introduction of a common 'internal per-cpu-ref' implementation.

  Summary:

   - Fix dax_layout_busy_page() to not discard private cow pages of
     fs/dax private mappings.

   - Update the memremap_pages core to properly cleanup on behalf of
     internal reference-count users like device-dax"

* tag 'dax-fixes-5.3-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
  mm/memremap: Fix reuse of pgmap instances with internal references
  dax: dax_layout_busy_page() should not unmap cow pages

Pull NTB fix from Jon Mason:
 "Bug fix for NTB MSI kernel compile warning"

* tag 'ntb-5.3-bugfixes' of git://github.com/jonmason/ntb:
  NTB/msi: remove incorrect MODULE defines

Pull RISC-V updates from Paul Walmsley:
 "A few minor RISC-V updates for v5.3-rc4:

   - Remove __udivdi3() from the 32-bit Linux port, converting the only
     upstream user to use do_div(), per Linux policy

   - Convert the RISC-V standard clocksource away from per-cpu data
     structures, since only one is used by Linux, even on a multi-CPU
     system

   - A set of DT binding updates that remove an obsolete text binding in
     favor of a YAML binding, fix a bogus compatible string in the
     schema (thus fixing a "make dtbs_check" warning), and clarifies the
     future values expected in one of the RISC-V CPU properties"

* tag 'riscv/for-v5.3-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux:
  dt-bindings: riscv: fix the schema compatible string for the HiFive Unleashed board
  dt-bindings: riscv: remove obsolete cpus.txt
  RISC-V: Remove udivdi3
  riscv: delay: use do_div() instead of __udivdi3()
  dt-bindings: Update the riscv,isa string description
  RISC-V: Remove per cpu clocksource

Pull x86 fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A few fixes for x86:

   - Don't reset the carefully adjusted build flags for the purgatory
     and remove the unwanted flags instead. The 'reset all' approach led
     to build fails under certain circumstances.

   - Unbreak CLANG build of the purgatory by avoiding the builtin
     memcpy/memset implementations.

   - Address missing prototype warnings by including the proper header

   - Fix yet more fall-through issues"

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/lib/cpu: Address missing prototypes warning
  x86/purgatory: Use CFLAGS_REMOVE rather than reset KBUILD_CFLAGS
  x86/purgatory: Do not use __builtin_memcpy and __builtin_memset
  x86: mtrr: cyrix: Mark expected switch fall-through
  x86/ptrace: Mark expected switch fall-through

Pull perf tooling fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Perf tooling fixes all over the place:

   - Fix the selection of the main thread COMM in db-export

   - Fix the disassemmbly display for BPF in annotate

   - Fix cpumap mask setup in perf ftrace when only one CPU is present

   - Add the missing 'cpu_clk_unhalted.core' event

   - Fix CPU 0 bindings in NUMA benchmarks

   - Fix the module size calculations for s390

   - Handle the gap between kernel end and module start on s390
     correctly

   - Build and typo fixes"

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf pmu-events: Fix missing "cpu_clk_unhalted.core" event
  perf annotate: Fix s390 gap between kernel end and module start
  perf record: Fix module size on s390
  perf tools: Fix include paths in ui directory
  perf tools: Fix a typo in a variable name in the Documentation Makefile
  perf cpumap: Fix writing to illegal memory in handling cpumap mask
  perf ftrace: Fix failure to set cpumask when only one cpu is present
  perf db-export: Fix thread__exec_comm()
  perf annotate: Fix printing of unaugmented disassembled instructions from BPF
  perf bench numa: Fix cpu0 binding