bcachefs: thread_with_file: allow creation of readonly files

Create a new run_thread_with_stdout function that opens a file in
O_RDONLY mode so that the kernel can write things to userspace but
userspace cannot write to the kernel.  This will be used to convey xfs
health event information to userspace.

Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>