usb: gadget: f_midi: refactor state machine

This refactor results in a cleaner state machine code and promotes
consistency, readability, and maintanability of this driver.

This refactor state machine was well tested and it is currently running in
production code and devices.

Signed-off-by: Felipe F. Tonello <eu@felipetonello.com>
Signed-off-by: Felipe Balbi <felipe.balbi@linux.intel.com>