io_uring/poll: allow some retries for poll triggering spuriously

If we get woken spuriously when polling and fail the operation with
-EAGAIN again, then we generally only allow polling again if data
had been transferred at some point. This is indicated with
REQ_F_PARTIAL_IO. However, if the spurious poll triggers when the socket
was originally empty, then we haven't transferred data yet and we will
fail the poll re-arm. This either punts the socket to io-wq if it's
blocking, or it fails the request with -EAGAIN if not. Neither condition
is desirable, as the former will slow things down, while the latter
will make the application confused.

We want to ensure that a repeated poll trigger doesn't lead to infinite
work making no progress, that's what the REQ_F_PARTIAL_IO check was
for. But it doesn't protect against a loop post the first receive, and
it's unnecessarily strict if we started out with an empty socket.

Add a somewhat random retry count, just to put an upper limit on the
potential number of retri...