fix(common): improve increment-version robustness

Fixes #4061.

Four things:

1. Reorder the script steps so that builds are triggered before the PR
   is created. This should not really be necessary, but I am seeing some
   evidence that TeamCity is not respecting the commit sha we request to
   build. (This arose with 14.0.194 where a build agent became
   unavailable during a build and TC cancelled and restarted the build,
   but from a later revision... which this particular fix may not help,
   I guess...)
2. Add debug logging so we can see exactly which commit sha that we
   send to TeamCity
3. Handle errors in version increment by aborting the script with an
   error.
4. Add a -f force mode which we can use to trigger a build even if no
   changes are detected. This will need a corresponding patch in TC.