Implement compressed Namespace (#2856)

The namespace disambiguates requests for the same name with _<idx>.
Rather than storing every disambiguated name in the underlying HashMap,
it now only stores the base along with the "next available" index. This
makes the logic for checking if a name is already contained in the
namespace slightly more sophisticated because users can name things in a
way that will collide with disambiguated names from a common substring.

For example, in naming the sequence "foo", "foo", "foo_1", the 2nd "foo"
takes the name "foo_1" so the following "foo_1" gets disambiguated to
"foo_1_1". But since we compressed that original "foo_1" into the same
HashMap entry as just "foo", we have to do a form of "prefix checking"
whenever naming something that ends in "_<idx>".

In practice, the saved memory allocations more than make up for the more
complicated logic to disambiguate names because the common case is still
fast.