diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/markdown/Creating-Linux-binaries.md')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/markdown/Creating-Linux-binaries.md | 32 |
1 files changed, 16 insertions, 16 deletions
diff --git a/docs/markdown/Creating-Linux-binaries.md b/docs/markdown/Creating-Linux-binaries.md index 8e9fb60..13940b5 100644 --- a/docs/markdown/Creating-Linux-binaries.md +++ b/docs/markdown/Creating-Linux-binaries.md @@ -4,34 +4,34 @@ short-description: Creating universal Linux binaries # Creating Linux binaries -Creating Linux binaries that can be downloaded and run on any distro (like .dmg packages for OSX or .exe installers for Windows) has traditionally been difficult. This is even more tricky if you want to use modern compilers and features, which is especially desired in game development. There is still no simple turn key solution for this problem but with a bit of setup it can be relatively straightforward. +Creating Linux binaries that can be downloaded and run on any distro (like .dmg packages for OSX or .exe installers for Windows) has traditionally been difficult. This is even more tricky if you want to use modern compilers and features, which is especially desired in game development. There is still no simple turn-key solution for this problem but with a bit of setup it can be relatively straightforward. ## Installing system and GCC First you need to do a fresh operating system install. You can use spare hardware, VirtualBox, cloud or whatever you want. Note that the distro you install must be *at least as old* as the oldest release you wish to support. Debian stable is usually a good choice, though immediately after its release you might want to use Debian oldstable or the previous Ubuntu LTS. The oldest supported version of CentOS is also a good choice. -Once you have installed the system, you need to install build dependencies for GCC. In Debian based distros this can be done with the following commands: +Once you have installed the system, you need to install build-dependencies for GCC. In Debian-based distros this can be done with the following commands: ```console -$ apt get build dep g++ -$ apt get install pkg config libgmp dev libmpfr dev libmpc dev +$ apt-get build-dep g++ +$ apt-get install pkg-config libgmp-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-dev ``` -Then create a `src` subdirectory in your home directory. Copypaste the following into `install_gcc.sh` and execute it. +Then create a `src` subdirectory in your home directory. Copy-paste the following into `install_gcc.sh` and execute it. ```bash #!/bin/sh -wget ftp://ftp.fu berlin.de/unix/languages/gcc/releases/gcc 4.9.2/gcc 4.9.2.tar.bz2 -tar xf gcc 4.9.2.tar.bz2 +wget ftp://ftp.fu-berlin.de/unix/languages/gcc/releases/gcc-4.9.2/gcc-4.9.2.tar.bz2 +tar xf gcc-4.9.2.tar.bz2 mkdir objdir cd objdir -../gcc 4.9.2/configure disable bootstrap prefix=${HOME}/devroot \ - disable multilib enable languages=c,c++ -make j 4 -make install strip -ln s gcc ${HOME}/devroot/bin/cc +../gcc-4.9.2/configure --disable-bootstrap --prefix=${HOME}/devroot \ + --disable-multilib --enable-languages=c,c++ +make -j 4 +make install-strip +ln -s gcc ${HOME}/devroot/bin/cc ``` Then finally add the following lines to your `.bashrc`. @@ -50,17 +50,17 @@ Old distros might have too old versions of some tools. For Meson this could incl ## Adding dependencies -You want to embed and statically link every dependency you can (especially C++ dependencies). Meson's [Wrap package manager might be of use here](Wrap dependency system manual). This is equivalent to what you would do on Windows, OSX, Android etc. Sometimes static linking is not possible. In these cases you need to copy the .so files inside your package. Let's use SDL2 as an example. First we download and install it as usual giving it our custom install prefix (that is, `./configure prefix=${HOME}/devroot`). This makes Meson's dependency detector pick it up automatically. +You want to embed and statically link every dependency you can (especially C++ dependencies). Meson's [Wrap package manager might be of use here](Wrap dependency system manual). This is equivalent to what you would do on Windows, OSX, Android etc. Sometimes static linking is not possible. In these cases you need to copy the .so files inside your package. Let's use SDL2 as an example. First we download and install it as usual giving it our custom install prefix (that is, `./configure --prefix=${HOME}/devroot`). This makes Meson's dependency detector pick it up automatically. ## Building and installing -Building happens in much the same way as normally. There are just two things to note. First, you must tell GCC to link the C++ standard library statically. If you don't then your app is guaranteed to break as different distros have binary incompatible C++ libraries. The second thing is that you need to point your install prefix to some empty staging area. Here's the meson command to do that: +Building happens in much the same way as normally. There are just two things to note. First, you must tell GCC to link the C++ standard library statically. If you don't then your app is guaranteed to break as different distros have binary-incompatible C++ libraries. The second thing is that you need to point your install prefix to some empty staging area. Here's the meson command to do that: ```console -$ LDFLAGS= static libstdc++ meson prefix=/tmp/myapp <other args> +$ LDFLAGS=-static-libstdc++ meson --prefix=/tmp/myapp <other args> ``` -The aim is to put the executable in `/tmp/myapp/bin` and shared libraries to `/tmp/myapp/lib`. The next thing you need is the embedder. It takes your dependencies (in this case only `libSDL2 2.0.so.0`) and copies them in the lib directory. Depending on your use case you can either copy the files by hand or write a script that parses the output of `ldd binary_file`. Be sure not to copy system libraries (`libc`, `libpthread`, `libm` etc). For an example, see the [sample project](https://github.com/jpakkane/meson/tree/master/manual%20tests/4%20standalone%20binaries). +The aim is to put the executable in `/tmp/myapp/bin` and shared libraries to `/tmp/myapp/lib`. The next thing you need is the embedder. It takes your dependencies (in this case only `libSDL2-2.0.so.0`) and copies them in the lib directory. Depending on your use case you can either copy the files by hand or write a script that parses the output of `ldd binary_file`. Be sure not to copy system libraries (`libc`, `libpthread`, `libm` etc). For an example, see the [sample project](https://github.com/jpakkane/meson/tree/master/manual%20tests/4%20standalone%20binaries). Make the script run during install with this: |