Add Visual Studio 2012/2013 backends (#8803)

* backends: Add a Visual Studio 2013 backend

This is more-or-less a quick port from the VS2015 backend, except that
we update the Visual Studio version strings and toolset versions
accordingly.  Also correct the generator string for Visual Studio 2015
in mesonbuild/cmake/common.py.

* backend: Add VS2012 backend

Similar to what we did for Visual Studio 2013, add a Visual Studio 2012
backend.

* vs2010backend.py: Implement `link_whole:` if needed

We actually need Visual Studio 2015 Update 2 to use `/WHOLEARCHIVE:`,
which is what we are currently using for `link_whole:` on Visual Studio.
For Visual Studio versions before that, we need to expand from the
static targets that were indicated by `link_whole:`, and any of the
sub-dependent targets that were pulled in via the dependent target's
`link_whole:`.  This wil ensure `link_whole:` would actually work in
such cases.

* vs2010backend.py: Handle objects from generated sources

Unforunately, we can't use backends.determine_ext_objs() reliably, as
the Visual Studio backends handle this differently.

* vs2010backend.py: Fix generating VS2010 projects

Visual Studio 2010 (at least the Express Edition) does not set the envvar
%VisualStudioVersion% in its command prompt, so fix generating VS2010
projects by taking account into this, so that we can determine the location
of vcvarsall.bat correctly.

* whole archive test: Disable on vs2012/2013 backends too

The Visual Studio 2012/2013 IDE has problems handling the items that would be
generated from this test case, so skip this test when using
--backend=vs[2012|2013].  This test does work for the Ninja backend when
VS2012 or VS2013 is used, though.

Consolidate this error message with XCode along with the vs2010 backend.

* docs: Add the new vs2012 and vs2013 backends

Let people know that we have backends for vs2012 and 2013.  Also let
people know that generating Visual Studio 2010 projects have been fixed
and the pre-vs2015 backends now handle the `link_whole:` project option.

1 files changed, 35 insertions, 5 deletions

diff --git a/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py b/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py
index 2d3197a..5595fd0 100644
--- a/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py
+++ b/mesonbuild/backend/vs2010backend.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from .. import mlog
 from .. import compilers
 from ..interpreter import Interpreter
 from ..mesonlib import (
-    MesonException, python_command, replace_if_different, OptionKey,
+    File, MesonException, python_command, replace_if_different, OptionKey, version_compare,
 )
 from ..environment import Environment, build_filename
 
@@ -37,8 +37,14 @@ def autodetect_vs_version(build: T.Optional[build.Build], interpreter: T.Optiona
     if not vs_install_dir:
         raise MesonException('Could not detect Visual Studio: Environment variable VSINSTALLDIR is not set!\n'
                              'Are you running meson from the Visual Studio Developer Command Prompt?')
-    # VisualStudioVersion is set since Visual Studio 12.0, but sometimes
+    # VisualStudioVersion is set since Visual Studio 11.0, but sometimes
     # vcvarsall.bat doesn't set it, so also use VSINSTALLDIR
+    if vs_version == '11.0' or 'Visual Studio 11' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2012backend import Vs2012Backend
+        return Vs2012Backend(build, interpreter)
+    if vs_version == '12.0' or 'Visual Studio 12' in vs_install_dir:
+        from mesonbuild.backend.vs2013backend import Vs2013Backend
+        return Vs2013Backend(build, interpreter)
     if vs_version == '14.0' or 'Visual Studio 14' in vs_install_dir:
         from mesonbuild.backend.vs2015backend import Vs2015Backend
         return Vs2015Backend(build, interpreter)
@@ -210,7 +216,7 @@ class Vs2010Backend(backends.Backend):
         if 'VCINSTALLDIR' in os.environ:
             vs_version = os.environ['VisualStudioVersion'] \
                 if 'VisualStudioVersion' in os.environ else None
-            relative_path = 'Auxiliary\\Build\\' if vs_version >= '15.0' else ''
+            relative_path = 'Auxiliary\\Build\\' if vs_version is not None and vs_version >= '15.0' else ''
             script_path = os.environ['VCINSTALLDIR'] + relative_path + 'vcvarsall.bat'
             if os.path.exists(script_path):
                 if has_arch_values:
@@ -1149,8 +1155,32 @@ class Vs2010Backend(backends.Backend):
                 lobj = self.build.targets[t.get_id()]
             linkname = os.path.join(down, self.get_target_filename_for_linking(lobj))
             if t in target.link_whole_targets:
-                # /WHOLEARCHIVE:foo must go into AdditionalOptions
-                extra_link_args += compiler.get_link_whole_for(linkname)
+                if compiler.id == 'msvc' and version_compare(compiler.version, '<19.00.23918'):
+                    # Expand our object lists manually if we are on pre-Visual Studio 2015 Update 2
+                    l = t.extract_all_objects(False)
+
+                    # Unforunately, we can't use self.object_filename_from_source()
+                    gensrclist: T.List[File] = []
+                    for gen in l.genlist:
+                        for src in gen.get_outputs():
+                            if self.environment.is_source(src) and not self.environment.is_header(src):
+                                path = self.get_target_generated_dir(t, gen, src)
+                                gen_src_ext = '.' + os.path.splitext(path)[1][1:]
+                                extra_link_args.append(path[:-len(gen_src_ext)] + '.obj')
+
+                    for src in l.srclist:
+                        obj_basename = None
+                        if self.environment.is_source(src) and not self.environment.is_header(src):
+                            obj_basename = self.object_filename_from_source(t, src)
+                            target_private_dir = self.relpath(self.get_target_private_dir(t),
+                                                              self.get_target_dir(t))
+                            rel_obj = os.path.join(target_private_dir, obj_basename)
+                            extra_link_args.append(rel_obj)
+
+                    extra_link_args.extend(self.flatten_object_list(t))
+                else:
+                    # /WHOLEARCHIVE:foo must go into AdditionalOptions
+                    extra_link_args += compiler.get_link_whole_for(linkname)
                 # To force Visual Studio to build this project even though it
                 # has no sources, we include a reference to the vcxproj file
                 # that builds this target. Technically we should add this only