aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/linux-user/elfload.c
blob: 8198be04460435bad35e69b1f99f01150751bc79 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
/* This is the Linux kernel elf-loading code, ported into user space */
#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include <sys/param.h>

#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>

#include "qemu.h"
#include "disas/disas.h"
#include "qemu/path.h"
#include "qemu/queue.h"
#include "qemu/guest-random.h"
#include "qemu/units.h"

#ifdef _ARCH_PPC64
#undef ARCH_DLINFO
#undef ELF_PLATFORM
#undef ELF_HWCAP
#undef ELF_HWCAP2
#undef ELF_CLASS
#undef ELF_DATA
#undef ELF_ARCH
#endif

#define ELF_OSABI   ELFOSABI_SYSV

/* from personality.h */

/*
 * Flags for bug emulation.
 *
 * These occupy the top three bytes.
 */
enum {
    ADDR_NO_RANDOMIZE = 0x0040000,      /* disable randomization of VA space */
    FDPIC_FUNCPTRS =    0x0080000,      /* userspace function ptrs point to
                                           descriptors (signal handling) */
    MMAP_PAGE_ZERO =    0x0100000,
    ADDR_COMPAT_LAYOUT = 0x0200000,
    READ_IMPLIES_EXEC = 0x0400000,
    ADDR_LIMIT_32BIT =  0x0800000,
    SHORT_INODE =       0x1000000,
    WHOLE_SECONDS =     0x2000000,
    STICKY_TIMEOUTS =   0x4000000,
    ADDR_LIMIT_3GB =    0x8000000,
};

/*
 * Personality types.
 *
 * These go in the low byte.  Avoid using the top bit, it will
 * conflict with error returns.
 */
enum {
    PER_LINUX =         0x0000,
    PER_LINUX_32BIT =   0x0000 | ADDR_LIMIT_32BIT,
    PER_LINUX_FDPIC =   0x0000 | FDPIC_FUNCPTRS,
    PER_SVR4 =          0x0001 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS | MMAP_PAGE_ZERO,
    PER_SVR3 =          0x0002 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS | SHORT_INODE,
    PER_SCOSVR3 =       0x0003 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS | WHOLE_SECONDS | SHORT_INODE,
    PER_OSR5 =          0x0003 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS | WHOLE_SECONDS,
    PER_WYSEV386 =      0x0004 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS | SHORT_INODE,
    PER_ISCR4 =         0x0005 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS,
    PER_BSD =           0x0006,
    PER_SUNOS =         0x0006 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS,
    PER_XENIX =         0x0007 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS | SHORT_INODE,
    PER_LINUX32 =       0x0008,
    PER_LINUX32_3GB =   0x0008 | ADDR_LIMIT_3GB,
    PER_IRIX32 =        0x0009 | STICKY_TIMEOUTS,/* IRIX5 32-bit */
    PER_IRIXN32 =       0x000a | STICKY_TIMEOUTS,/* IRIX6 new 32-bit */
    PER_IRIX64 =        0x000b | STICKY_TIMEOUTS,/* IRIX6 64-bit */
    PER_RISCOS =        0x000c,
    PER_SOLARIS =       0x000d | STICKY_TIMEOUTS,
    PER_UW7 =           0x000e | STICKY_TIMEOUTS | MMAP_PAGE_ZERO,
    PER_OSF4 =          0x000f,                  /* OSF/1 v4 */
    PER_HPUX =          0x0010,
    PER_MASK =          0x00ff,
};

/*
 * Return the base personality without flags.
 */
#define personality(pers)       (pers & PER_MASK)

int info_is_fdpic(struct image_info *info)
{
    return info->personality == PER_LINUX_FDPIC;
}

/* this flag is uneffective under linux too, should be deleted */
#ifndef MAP_DENYWRITE
#define MAP_DENYWRITE 0
#endif

/* should probably go in elf.h */
#ifndef ELIBBAD
#define ELIBBAD 80
#endif

#ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
#define ELF_DATA        ELFDATA2MSB
#else
#define ELF_DATA        ELFDATA2LSB
#endif

#ifdef TARGET_ABI_MIPSN32
typedef abi_ullong      target_elf_greg_t;
#define tswapreg(ptr)   tswap64(ptr)
#else
typedef abi_ulong       target_elf_greg_t;
#define tswapreg(ptr)   tswapal(ptr)
#endif

#ifdef USE_UID16
typedef abi_ushort      target_uid_t;
typedef abi_ushort      target_gid_t;
#else
typedef abi_uint        target_uid_t;
typedef abi_uint        target_gid_t;
#endif
typedef abi_int         target_pid_t;

#ifdef TARGET_I386

#define ELF_PLATFORM get_elf_platform()

static const char *get_elf_platform(void)
{
    static char elf_platform[] = "i386";
    int family = object_property_get_int(OBJECT(thread_cpu), "family", NULL);
    if (family > 6)
        family = 6;
    if (family >= 3)
        elf_platform[1] = '0' + family;
    return elf_platform;
}

#define ELF_HWCAP get_elf_hwcap()

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap(void)
{
    X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(thread_cpu);

    return cpu->env.features[FEAT_1_EDX];
}

#ifdef TARGET_X86_64
#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x2aaaaab000ULL

#define ELF_CLASS      ELFCLASS64
#define ELF_ARCH       EM_X86_64

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs, struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->rax = 0;
    regs->rsp = infop->start_stack;
    regs->rip = infop->entry;
}

#define ELF_NREG    27
typedef target_elf_greg_t  target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

/*
 * Note that ELF_NREG should be 29 as there should be place for
 * TRAPNO and ERR "registers" as well but linux doesn't dump
 * those.
 *
 * See linux kernel: arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
 */
static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs, const CPUX86State *env)
{
    (*regs)[0] = env->regs[15];
    (*regs)[1] = env->regs[14];
    (*regs)[2] = env->regs[13];
    (*regs)[3] = env->regs[12];
    (*regs)[4] = env->regs[R_EBP];
    (*regs)[5] = env->regs[R_EBX];
    (*regs)[6] = env->regs[11];
    (*regs)[7] = env->regs[10];
    (*regs)[8] = env->regs[9];
    (*regs)[9] = env->regs[8];
    (*regs)[10] = env->regs[R_EAX];
    (*regs)[11] = env->regs[R_ECX];
    (*regs)[12] = env->regs[R_EDX];
    (*regs)[13] = env->regs[R_ESI];
    (*regs)[14] = env->regs[R_EDI];
    (*regs)[15] = env->regs[R_EAX]; /* XXX */
    (*regs)[16] = env->eip;
    (*regs)[17] = env->segs[R_CS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[18] = env->eflags;
    (*regs)[19] = env->regs[R_ESP];
    (*regs)[20] = env->segs[R_SS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[21] = env->segs[R_FS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[22] = env->segs[R_GS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[23] = env->segs[R_DS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[24] = env->segs[R_ES].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[25] = env->segs[R_FS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[26] = env->segs[R_GS].selector & 0xffff;
}

#else

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

/*
 * This is used to ensure we don't load something for the wrong architecture.
 */
#define elf_check_arch(x) ( ((x) == EM_386) || ((x) == EM_486) )

/*
 * These are used to set parameters in the core dumps.
 */
#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH        EM_386

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->esp = infop->start_stack;
    regs->eip = infop->entry;

    /* SVR4/i386 ABI (pages 3-31, 3-32) says that when the program
       starts %edx contains a pointer to a function which might be
       registered using `atexit'.  This provides a mean for the
       dynamic linker to call DT_FINI functions for shared libraries
       that have been loaded before the code runs.

       A value of 0 tells we have no such handler.  */
    regs->edx = 0;
}

#define ELF_NREG    17
typedef target_elf_greg_t  target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

/*
 * Note that ELF_NREG should be 19 as there should be place for
 * TRAPNO and ERR "registers" as well but linux doesn't dump
 * those.
 *
 * See linux kernel: arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h
 */
static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs, const CPUX86State *env)
{
    (*regs)[0] = env->regs[R_EBX];
    (*regs)[1] = env->regs[R_ECX];
    (*regs)[2] = env->regs[R_EDX];
    (*regs)[3] = env->regs[R_ESI];
    (*regs)[4] = env->regs[R_EDI];
    (*regs)[5] = env->regs[R_EBP];
    (*regs)[6] = env->regs[R_EAX];
    (*regs)[7] = env->segs[R_DS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[8] = env->segs[R_ES].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[9] = env->segs[R_FS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[10] = env->segs[R_GS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[11] = env->regs[R_EAX]; /* XXX */
    (*regs)[12] = env->eip;
    (*regs)[13] = env->segs[R_CS].selector & 0xffff;
    (*regs)[14] = env->eflags;
    (*regs)[15] = env->regs[R_ESP];
    (*regs)[16] = env->segs[R_SS].selector & 0xffff;
}
#endif

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE       4096

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_ARM

#ifndef TARGET_AARCH64
/* 32 bit ARM definitions */

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#define ELF_ARCH        EM_ARM
#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS32

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    abi_long stack = infop->start_stack;
    memset(regs, 0, sizeof(*regs));

    regs->uregs[16] = ARM_CPU_MODE_USR;
    if (infop->entry & 1) {
        regs->uregs[16] |= CPSR_T;
    }
    regs->uregs[15] = infop->entry & 0xfffffffe;
    regs->uregs[13] = infop->start_stack;
    /* FIXME - what to for failure of get_user()? */
    get_user_ual(regs->uregs[2], stack + 8); /* envp */
    get_user_ual(regs->uregs[1], stack + 4); /* envp */
    /* XXX: it seems that r0 is zeroed after ! */
    regs->uregs[0] = 0;
    /* For uClinux PIC binaries.  */
    /* XXX: Linux does this only on ARM with no MMU (do we care ?) */
    regs->uregs[10] = infop->start_data;

    /* Support ARM FDPIC.  */
    if (info_is_fdpic(infop)) {
        /* As described in the ABI document, r7 points to the loadmap info
         * prepared by the kernel. If an interpreter is needed, r8 points
         * to the interpreter loadmap and r9 points to the interpreter
         * PT_DYNAMIC info. If no interpreter is needed, r8 is zero, and
         * r9 points to the main program PT_DYNAMIC info.
         */
        regs->uregs[7] = infop->loadmap_addr;
        if (infop->interpreter_loadmap_addr) {
            /* Executable is dynamically loaded.  */
            regs->uregs[8] = infop->interpreter_loadmap_addr;
            regs->uregs[9] = infop->interpreter_pt_dynamic_addr;
        } else {
            regs->uregs[8] = 0;
            regs->uregs[9] = infop->pt_dynamic_addr;
        }
    }
}

#define ELF_NREG    18
typedef target_elf_greg_t  target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs, const CPUARMState *env)
{
    (*regs)[0] = tswapreg(env->regs[0]);
    (*regs)[1] = tswapreg(env->regs[1]);
    (*regs)[2] = tswapreg(env->regs[2]);
    (*regs)[3] = tswapreg(env->regs[3]);
    (*regs)[4] = tswapreg(env->regs[4]);
    (*regs)[5] = tswapreg(env->regs[5]);
    (*regs)[6] = tswapreg(env->regs[6]);
    (*regs)[7] = tswapreg(env->regs[7]);
    (*regs)[8] = tswapreg(env->regs[8]);
    (*regs)[9] = tswapreg(env->regs[9]);
    (*regs)[10] = tswapreg(env->regs[10]);
    (*regs)[11] = tswapreg(env->regs[11]);
    (*regs)[12] = tswapreg(env->regs[12]);
    (*regs)[13] = tswapreg(env->regs[13]);
    (*regs)[14] = tswapreg(env->regs[14]);
    (*regs)[15] = tswapreg(env->regs[15]);

    (*regs)[16] = tswapreg(cpsr_read((CPUARMState *)env));
    (*regs)[17] = tswapreg(env->regs[0]); /* XXX */
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE       4096

enum
{
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_SWP       = 1 << 0,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_HALF      = 1 << 1,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_THUMB     = 1 << 2,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_26BIT     = 1 << 3,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_FAST_MULT = 1 << 4,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_FPA       = 1 << 5,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFP       = 1 << 6,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_EDSP      = 1 << 7,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_JAVA      = 1 << 8,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_IWMMXT    = 1 << 9,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_CRUNCH    = 1 << 10,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_THUMBEE   = 1 << 11,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_NEON      = 1 << 12,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPv3     = 1 << 13,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPv3D16  = 1 << 14,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_TLS       = 1 << 15,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPv4     = 1 << 16,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_IDIVA     = 1 << 17,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_IDIVT     = 1 << 18,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPD32    = 1 << 19,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_LPAE      = 1 << 20,
    ARM_HWCAP_ARM_EVTSTRM   = 1 << 21,
};

enum {
    ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_AES      = 1 << 0,
    ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_PMULL    = 1 << 1,
    ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_SHA1     = 1 << 2,
    ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_SHA2     = 1 << 3,
    ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_CRC32    = 1 << 4,
};

/* The commpage only exists for 32 bit kernels */

/* Return 1 if the proposed guest space is suitable for the guest.
 * Return 0 if the proposed guest space isn't suitable, but another
 * address space should be tried.
 * Return -1 if there is no way the proposed guest space can be
 * valid regardless of the base.
 * The guest code may leave a page mapped and populate it if the
 * address is suitable.
 */
static int init_guest_commpage(unsigned long guest_base,
                               unsigned long guest_size)
{
    unsigned long real_start, test_page_addr;

    /* We need to check that we can force a fault on access to the
     * commpage at 0xffff0fxx
     */
    test_page_addr = guest_base + (0xffff0f00 & qemu_host_page_mask);

    /* If the commpage lies within the already allocated guest space,
     * then there is no way we can allocate it.
     *
     * You may be thinking that that this check is redundant because
     * we already validated the guest size against MAX_RESERVED_VA;
     * but if qemu_host_page_mask is unusually large, then
     * test_page_addr may be lower.
     */
    if (test_page_addr >= guest_base
        && test_page_addr < (guest_base + guest_size)) {
        return -1;
    }

    /* Note it needs to be writeable to let us initialise it */
    real_start = (unsigned long)
                 mmap((void *)test_page_addr, qemu_host_page_size,
                     PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                     MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);

    /* If we can't map it then try another address */
    if (real_start == -1ul) {
        return 0;
    }

    if (real_start != test_page_addr) {
        /* OS didn't put the page where we asked - unmap and reject */
        munmap((void *)real_start, qemu_host_page_size);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Leave the page mapped
     * Populate it (mmap should have left it all 0'd)
     */

    /* Kernel helper versions */
    __put_user(5, (uint32_t *)g2h(0xffff0ffcul));

    /* Now it's populated make it RO */
    if (mprotect((void *)test_page_addr, qemu_host_page_size, PROT_READ)) {
        perror("Protecting guest commpage");
        exit(-1);
    }

    return 1; /* All good */
}

#define ELF_HWCAP get_elf_hwcap()
#define ELF_HWCAP2 get_elf_hwcap2()

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap(void)
{
    ARMCPU *cpu = ARM_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t hwcaps = 0;

    hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_ARM_SWP;
    hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_ARM_HALF;
    hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_ARM_THUMB;
    hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_ARM_FAST_MULT;

    /* probe for the extra features */
#define GET_FEATURE(feat, hwcap) \
    do { if (arm_feature(&cpu->env, feat)) { hwcaps |= hwcap; } } while (0)

#define GET_FEATURE_ID(feat, hwcap) \
    do { if (cpu_isar_feature(feat, cpu)) { hwcaps |= hwcap; } } while (0)

    /* EDSP is in v5TE and above, but all our v5 CPUs are v5TE */
    GET_FEATURE(ARM_FEATURE_V5, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_EDSP);
    GET_FEATURE(ARM_FEATURE_IWMMXT, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_IWMMXT);
    GET_FEATURE(ARM_FEATURE_THUMB2EE, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_THUMBEE);
    GET_FEATURE(ARM_FEATURE_NEON, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_NEON);
    GET_FEATURE(ARM_FEATURE_V6K, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_TLS);
    GET_FEATURE(ARM_FEATURE_LPAE, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_LPAE);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_arm_div, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_IDIVA);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_thumb_div, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_IDIVT);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_vfp, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFP);

    if (cpu_isar_feature(aa32_fpsp_v3, cpu) ||
        cpu_isar_feature(aa32_fpdp_v3, cpu)) {
        hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPv3;
        if (cpu_isar_feature(aa32_simd_r32, cpu)) {
            hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPD32;
        } else {
            hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPv3D16;
        }
    }
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_simdfmac, ARM_HWCAP_ARM_VFPv4);

    return hwcaps;
}

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap2(void)
{
    ARMCPU *cpu = ARM_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t hwcaps = 0;

    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_aes, ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_AES);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_pmull, ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_PMULL);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_sha1, ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_SHA1);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_sha2, ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_SHA2);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa32_crc32, ARM_HWCAP2_ARM_CRC32);
    return hwcaps;
}

#undef GET_FEATURE
#undef GET_FEATURE_ID

#define ELF_PLATFORM get_elf_platform()

static const char *get_elf_platform(void)
{
    CPUARMState *env = thread_cpu->env_ptr;

#ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
# define END  "b"
#else
# define END  "l"
#endif

    if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_V8)) {
        return "v8" END;
    } else if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_V7)) {
        if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_M)) {
            return "v7m" END;
        } else {
            return "v7" END;
        }
    } else if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_V6)) {
        return "v6" END;
    } else if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_V5)) {
        return "v5" END;
    } else {
        return "v4" END;
    }

#undef END
}

#else
/* 64 bit ARM definitions */
#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#define ELF_ARCH        EM_AARCH64
#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS64
#ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
# define ELF_PLATFORM    "aarch64_be"
#else
# define ELF_PLATFORM    "aarch64"
#endif

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    abi_long stack = infop->start_stack;
    memset(regs, 0, sizeof(*regs));

    regs->pc = infop->entry & ~0x3ULL;
    regs->sp = stack;
}

#define ELF_NREG    34
typedef target_elf_greg_t  target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs,
                               const CPUARMState *env)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        (*regs)[i] = tswapreg(env->xregs[i]);
    }
    (*regs)[32] = tswapreg(env->pc);
    (*regs)[33] = tswapreg(pstate_read((CPUARMState *)env));
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE       4096

enum {
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_FP            = 1 << 0,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMD         = 1 << 1,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_EVTSTRM       = 1 << 2,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_AES           = 1 << 3,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_PMULL         = 1 << 4,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA1          = 1 << 5,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA2          = 1 << 6,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_CRC32         = 1 << 7,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_ATOMICS       = 1 << 8,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_FPHP          = 1 << 9,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDHP       = 1 << 10,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_CPUID         = 1 << 11,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDRDM      = 1 << 12,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_JSCVT         = 1 << 13,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_FCMA          = 1 << 14,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_LRCPC         = 1 << 15,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_DCPOP         = 1 << 16,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA3          = 1 << 17,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SM3           = 1 << 18,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SM4           = 1 << 19,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDDP       = 1 << 20,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA512        = 1 << 21,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SVE           = 1 << 22,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDFHM      = 1 << 23,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_DIT           = 1 << 24,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_USCAT         = 1 << 25,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_ILRCPC        = 1 << 26,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_FLAGM         = 1 << 27,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SSBS          = 1 << 28,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_SB            = 1 << 29,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_PACA          = 1 << 30,
    ARM_HWCAP_A64_PACG          = 1UL << 31,

    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_DCPODP       = 1 << 0,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_SVE2         = 1 << 1,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_SVEAES       = 1 << 2,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_SVEPMULL     = 1 << 3,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_SVEBITPERM   = 1 << 4,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_SVESHA3      = 1 << 5,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_SVESM4       = 1 << 6,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_FLAGM2       = 1 << 7,
    ARM_HWCAP2_A64_FRINT        = 1 << 8,
};

#define ELF_HWCAP   get_elf_hwcap()
#define ELF_HWCAP2  get_elf_hwcap2()

#define GET_FEATURE_ID(feat, hwcap) \
    do { if (cpu_isar_feature(feat, cpu)) { hwcaps |= hwcap; } } while (0)

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap(void)
{
    ARMCPU *cpu = ARM_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t hwcaps = 0;

    hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_A64_FP;
    hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMD;
    hwcaps |= ARM_HWCAP_A64_CPUID;

    /* probe for the extra features */

    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_aes, ARM_HWCAP_A64_AES);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_pmull, ARM_HWCAP_A64_PMULL);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sha1, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA1);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sha256, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA2);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sha512, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA512);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_crc32, ARM_HWCAP_A64_CRC32);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sha3, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SHA3);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sm3, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SM3);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sm4, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SM4);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_fp16, ARM_HWCAP_A64_FPHP | ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDHP);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_atomics, ARM_HWCAP_A64_ATOMICS);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_rdm, ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDRDM);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_dp, ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDDP);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_fcma, ARM_HWCAP_A64_FCMA);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sve, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SVE);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_pauth, ARM_HWCAP_A64_PACA | ARM_HWCAP_A64_PACG);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_fhm, ARM_HWCAP_A64_ASIMDFHM);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_jscvt, ARM_HWCAP_A64_JSCVT);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_sb, ARM_HWCAP_A64_SB);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_condm_4, ARM_HWCAP_A64_FLAGM);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_dcpop, ARM_HWCAP_A64_DCPOP);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_rcpc_8_3, ARM_HWCAP_A64_LRCPC);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_rcpc_8_4, ARM_HWCAP_A64_ILRCPC);

    return hwcaps;
}

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap2(void)
{
    ARMCPU *cpu = ARM_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t hwcaps = 0;

    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_dcpodp, ARM_HWCAP2_A64_DCPODP);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_condm_5, ARM_HWCAP2_A64_FLAGM2);
    GET_FEATURE_ID(aa64_frint, ARM_HWCAP2_A64_FRINT);

    return hwcaps;
}

#undef GET_FEATURE_ID

#endif /* not TARGET_AARCH64 */
#endif /* TARGET_ARM */

#ifdef TARGET_SPARC
#ifdef TARGET_SPARC64

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000
#define ELF_HWCAP  (HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH | HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR | HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP \
                    | HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV | HWCAP_SPARC_V9)
#ifndef TARGET_ABI32
#define elf_check_arch(x) ( (x) == EM_SPARCV9 || (x) == EM_SPARC32PLUS )
#else
#define elf_check_arch(x) ( (x) == EM_SPARC32PLUS || (x) == EM_SPARC )
#endif

#define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS64
#define ELF_ARCH    EM_SPARCV9

#define STACK_BIAS              2047

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
#ifndef TARGET_ABI32
    regs->tstate = 0;
#endif
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
    regs->npc = regs->pc + 4;
    regs->y = 0;
#ifdef TARGET_ABI32
    regs->u_regs[14] = infop->start_stack - 16 * 4;
#else
    if (personality(infop->personality) == PER_LINUX32)
        regs->u_regs[14] = infop->start_stack - 16 * 4;
    else
        regs->u_regs[14] = infop->start_stack - 16 * 8 - STACK_BIAS;
#endif
}

#else
#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000
#define ELF_HWCAP  (HWCAP_SPARC_FLUSH | HWCAP_SPARC_STBAR | HWCAP_SPARC_SWAP \
                    | HWCAP_SPARC_MULDIV)

#define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH    EM_SPARC

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->psr = 0;
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
    regs->npc = regs->pc + 4;
    regs->y = 0;
    regs->u_regs[14] = infop->start_stack - 16 * 4;
}

#endif
#endif

#ifdef TARGET_PPC

#define ELF_MACHINE    PPC_ELF_MACHINE
#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#if defined(TARGET_PPC64) && !defined(TARGET_ABI32)

#define elf_check_arch(x) ( (x) == EM_PPC64 )

#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS64

#else

#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS32

#endif

#define ELF_ARCH        EM_PPC

/* Feature masks for the Aux Vector Hardware Capabilities (AT_HWCAP).
   See arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputable.h.  */
enum {
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_32 = 0x80000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_64 = 0x40000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_601_INSTR = 0x20000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_ALTIVEC = 0x10000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_FPU = 0x08000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_MMU = 0x04000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_4xxMAC = 0x02000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_UNIFIED_CACHE = 0x01000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_SPE = 0x00800000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_EFP_SINGLE = 0x00400000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_EFP_DOUBLE = 0x00200000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_NO_TB = 0x00100000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_POWER4 = 0x00080000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_POWER5 = 0x00040000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_POWER5_PLUS = 0x00020000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_CELL = 0x00010000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_BOOKE = 0x00008000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_SMT = 0x00004000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_ICACHE_SNOOP = 0x00002000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_ARCH_2_05 = 0x00001000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_PA6T = 0x00000800,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_DFP = 0x00000400,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_POWER6_EXT = 0x00000200,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_ARCH_2_06 = 0x00000100,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_VSX = 0x00000080,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_PSERIES_PERFMON_COMPAT = 0x00000040,

    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_TRUE_LE = 0x00000002,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_PPC_LE = 0x00000001,

    /* Feature definitions in AT_HWCAP2.  */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_ARCH_2_07 = 0x80000000, /* ISA 2.07 */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_HTM = 0x40000000, /* Hardware Transactional Memory */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_DSCR = 0x20000000, /* Data Stream Control Register */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_EBB = 0x10000000, /* Event Base Branching */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_ISEL = 0x08000000, /* Integer Select */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_TAR = 0x04000000, /* Target Address Register */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_VEC_CRYPTO = 0x02000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HTM_NOSC = 0x01000000,
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_ARCH_3_00 = 0x00800000, /* ISA 3.00 */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_IEEE128 = 0x00400000, /* VSX IEEE Bin Float 128-bit */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_DARN = 0x00200000, /* darn random number insn */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_SCV = 0x00100000, /* scv syscall */
    QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HTM_NO_SUSPEND = 0x00080000, /* TM w/o suspended state */
};

#define ELF_HWCAP get_elf_hwcap()

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap(void)
{
    PowerPCCPU *cpu = POWERPC_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t features = 0;

    /* We don't have to be terribly complete here; the high points are
       Altivec/FP/SPE support.  Anything else is just a bonus.  */
#define GET_FEATURE(flag, feature)                                      \
    do { if (cpu->env.insns_flags & flag) { features |= feature; } } while (0)
#define GET_FEATURE2(flags, feature) \
    do { \
        if ((cpu->env.insns_flags2 & flags) == flags) { \
            features |= feature; \
        } \
    } while (0)
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_64B, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_64);
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_FLOAT, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_FPU);
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_ALTIVEC, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_ALTIVEC);
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_SPE, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_SPE);
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_SPE_SINGLE, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_EFP_SINGLE);
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_SPE_DOUBLE, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_EFP_DOUBLE);
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_BOOKE, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_BOOKE);
    GET_FEATURE(PPC_405_MAC, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_4xxMAC);
    GET_FEATURE2(PPC2_DFP, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_DFP);
    GET_FEATURE2(PPC2_VSX, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_HAS_VSX);
    GET_FEATURE2((PPC2_PERM_ISA206 | PPC2_DIVE_ISA206 | PPC2_ATOMIC_ISA206 |
                  PPC2_FP_CVT_ISA206 | PPC2_FP_TST_ISA206),
                  QEMU_PPC_FEATURE_ARCH_2_06);
#undef GET_FEATURE
#undef GET_FEATURE2

    return features;
}

#define ELF_HWCAP2 get_elf_hwcap2()

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap2(void)
{
    PowerPCCPU *cpu = POWERPC_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t features = 0;

#define GET_FEATURE(flag, feature)                                      \
    do { if (cpu->env.insns_flags & flag) { features |= feature; } } while (0)
#define GET_FEATURE2(flag, feature)                                      \
    do { if (cpu->env.insns_flags2 & flag) { features |= feature; } } while (0)

    GET_FEATURE(PPC_ISEL, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_ISEL);
    GET_FEATURE2(PPC2_BCTAR_ISA207, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_HAS_TAR);
    GET_FEATURE2((PPC2_BCTAR_ISA207 | PPC2_LSQ_ISA207 | PPC2_ALTIVEC_207 |
                  PPC2_ISA207S), QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_ARCH_2_07 |
                  QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_VEC_CRYPTO);
    GET_FEATURE2(PPC2_ISA300, QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_ARCH_3_00 |
                 QEMU_PPC_FEATURE2_DARN);

#undef GET_FEATURE
#undef GET_FEATURE2

    return features;
}

/*
 * The requirements here are:
 * - keep the final alignment of sp (sp & 0xf)
 * - make sure the 32-bit value at the first 16 byte aligned position of
 *   AUXV is greater than 16 for glibc compatibility.
 *   AT_IGNOREPPC is used for that.
 * - for compatibility with glibc ARCH_DLINFO must always be defined on PPC,
 *   even if DLINFO_ARCH_ITEMS goes to zero or is undefined.
 */
#define DLINFO_ARCH_ITEMS       5
#define ARCH_DLINFO                                     \
    do {                                                \
        PowerPCCPU *cpu = POWERPC_CPU(thread_cpu);              \
        /*                                              \
         * Handle glibc compatibility: these magic entries must \
         * be at the lowest addresses in the final auxv.        \
         */                                             \
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_IGNOREPPC, AT_IGNOREPPC);        \
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_IGNOREPPC, AT_IGNOREPPC);        \
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_DCACHEBSIZE, cpu->env.dcache_line_size); \
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_ICACHEBSIZE, cpu->env.icache_line_size); \
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_UCACHEBSIZE, 0);                 \
    } while (0)

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *_regs, struct image_info *infop)
{
    _regs->gpr[1] = infop->start_stack;
#if defined(TARGET_PPC64) && !defined(TARGET_ABI32)
    if (get_ppc64_abi(infop) < 2) {
        uint64_t val;
        get_user_u64(val, infop->entry + 8);
        _regs->gpr[2] = val + infop->load_bias;
        get_user_u64(val, infop->entry);
        infop->entry = val + infop->load_bias;
    } else {
        _regs->gpr[12] = infop->entry;  /* r12 set to global entry address */
    }
#endif
    _regs->nip = infop->entry;
}

/* See linux kernel: arch/powerpc/include/asm/elf.h.  */
#define ELF_NREG 48
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs, const CPUPPCState *env)
{
    int i;
    target_ulong ccr = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(env->gpr); i++) {
        (*regs)[i] = tswapreg(env->gpr[i]);
    }

    (*regs)[32] = tswapreg(env->nip);
    (*regs)[33] = tswapreg(env->msr);
    (*regs)[35] = tswapreg(env->ctr);
    (*regs)[36] = tswapreg(env->lr);
    (*regs)[37] = tswapreg(env->xer);

    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(env->crf); i++) {
        ccr |= env->crf[i] << (32 - ((i + 1) * 4));
    }
    (*regs)[38] = tswapreg(ccr);
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE       4096

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_MIPS

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#ifdef TARGET_MIPS64
#define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS64
#else
#define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS32
#endif
#define ELF_ARCH    EM_MIPS

#define elf_check_arch(x) ((x) == EM_MIPS || (x) == EM_NANOMIPS)

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->cp0_status = 2 << CP0St_KSU;
    regs->cp0_epc = infop->entry;
    regs->regs[29] = infop->start_stack;
}

/* See linux kernel: arch/mips/include/asm/elf.h.  */
#define ELF_NREG 45
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

/* See linux kernel: arch/mips/include/asm/reg.h.  */
enum {
#ifdef TARGET_MIPS64
    TARGET_EF_R0 = 0,
#else
    TARGET_EF_R0 = 6,
#endif
    TARGET_EF_R26 = TARGET_EF_R0 + 26,
    TARGET_EF_R27 = TARGET_EF_R0 + 27,
    TARGET_EF_LO = TARGET_EF_R0 + 32,
    TARGET_EF_HI = TARGET_EF_R0 + 33,
    TARGET_EF_CP0_EPC = TARGET_EF_R0 + 34,
    TARGET_EF_CP0_BADVADDR = TARGET_EF_R0 + 35,
    TARGET_EF_CP0_STATUS = TARGET_EF_R0 + 36,
    TARGET_EF_CP0_CAUSE = TARGET_EF_R0 + 37
};

/* See linux kernel: arch/mips/kernel/process.c:elf_dump_regs.  */
static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs, const CPUMIPSState *env)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < TARGET_EF_R0; i++) {
        (*regs)[i] = 0;
    }
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_R0] = 0;

    for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(env->active_tc.gpr); i++) {
        (*regs)[TARGET_EF_R0 + i] = tswapreg(env->active_tc.gpr[i]);
    }

    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_R26] = 0;
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_R27] = 0;
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_LO] = tswapreg(env->active_tc.LO[0]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_HI] = tswapreg(env->active_tc.HI[0]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_CP0_EPC] = tswapreg(env->active_tc.PC);
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_CP0_BADVADDR] = tswapreg(env->CP0_BadVAddr);
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_CP0_STATUS] = tswapreg(env->CP0_Status);
    (*regs)[TARGET_EF_CP0_CAUSE] = tswapreg(env->CP0_Cause);
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE        4096

/* See arch/mips/include/uapi/asm/hwcap.h.  */
enum {
    HWCAP_MIPS_R6           = (1 << 0),
    HWCAP_MIPS_MSA          = (1 << 1),
};

#define ELF_HWCAP get_elf_hwcap()

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap(void)
{
    MIPSCPU *cpu = MIPS_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t hwcaps = 0;

#define GET_FEATURE(flag, hwcap) \
    do { if (cpu->env.insn_flags & (flag)) { hwcaps |= hwcap; } } while (0)

    GET_FEATURE(ISA_MIPS32R6 | ISA_MIPS64R6, HWCAP_MIPS_R6);
    GET_FEATURE(ASE_MSA, HWCAP_MIPS_MSA);

#undef GET_FEATURE

    return hwcaps;
}

#endif /* TARGET_MIPS */

#ifdef TARGET_MICROBLAZE

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#define elf_check_arch(x) ( (x) == EM_MICROBLAZE || (x) == EM_MICROBLAZE_OLD)

#define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH    EM_MICROBLAZE

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
    regs->r1 = infop->start_stack;

}

#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE        4096

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_NREG 38
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

/* See linux kernel: arch/mips/kernel/process.c:elf_dump_regs.  */
static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs, const CPUMBState *env)
{
    int i, pos = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        (*regs)[pos++] = tswapreg(env->regs[i]);
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        (*regs)[pos++] = tswapreg(env->sregs[i]);
    }
}

#endif /* TARGET_MICROBLAZE */

#ifdef TARGET_NIOS2

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#define elf_check_arch(x) ((x) == EM_ALTERA_NIOS2)

#define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH    EM_ALTERA_NIOS2

static void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs, struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->ea = infop->entry;
    regs->sp = infop->start_stack;
    regs->estatus = 0x3;
}

#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE        4096

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_NREG 49
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

/* See linux kernel: arch/mips/kernel/process.c:elf_dump_regs.  */
static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs,
                               const CPUNios2State *env)
{
    int i;

    (*regs)[0] = -1;
    for (i = 1; i < 8; i++)    /* r0-r7 */
        (*regs)[i] = tswapreg(env->regs[i + 7]);

    for (i = 8; i < 16; i++)   /* r8-r15 */
        (*regs)[i] = tswapreg(env->regs[i - 8]);

    for (i = 16; i < 24; i++)  /* r16-r23 */
        (*regs)[i] = tswapreg(env->regs[i + 7]);
    (*regs)[24] = -1;    /* R_ET */
    (*regs)[25] = -1;    /* R_BT */
    (*regs)[26] = tswapreg(env->regs[R_GP]);
    (*regs)[27] = tswapreg(env->regs[R_SP]);
    (*regs)[28] = tswapreg(env->regs[R_FP]);
    (*regs)[29] = tswapreg(env->regs[R_EA]);
    (*regs)[30] = -1;    /* R_SSTATUS */
    (*regs)[31] = tswapreg(env->regs[R_RA]);

    (*regs)[32] = tswapreg(env->regs[R_PC]);

    (*regs)[33] = -1; /* R_STATUS */
    (*regs)[34] = tswapreg(env->regs[CR_ESTATUS]);

    for (i = 35; i < 49; i++)    /* ... */
        (*regs)[i] = -1;
}

#endif /* TARGET_NIOS2 */

#ifdef TARGET_OPENRISC

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x08000000

#define ELF_ARCH EM_OPENRISC
#define ELF_CLASS ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_DATA  ELFDATA2MSB

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
    regs->gpr[1] = infop->start_stack;
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE 8192

/* See linux kernel arch/openrisc/include/asm/elf.h.  */
#define ELF_NREG 34 /* gprs and pc, sr */
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs,
                               const CPUOpenRISCState *env)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        (*regs)[i] = tswapreg(cpu_get_gpr(env, i));
    }
    (*regs)[32] = tswapreg(env->pc);
    (*regs)[33] = tswapreg(cpu_get_sr(env));
}
#define ELF_HWCAP 0
#define ELF_PLATFORM NULL

#endif /* TARGET_OPENRISC */

#ifdef TARGET_SH4

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#define ELF_CLASS ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH  EM_SH

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    /* Check other registers XXXXX */
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
    regs->regs[15] = infop->start_stack;
}

/* See linux kernel: arch/sh/include/asm/elf.h.  */
#define ELF_NREG 23
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

/* See linux kernel: arch/sh/include/asm/ptrace.h.  */
enum {
    TARGET_REG_PC = 16,
    TARGET_REG_PR = 17,
    TARGET_REG_SR = 18,
    TARGET_REG_GBR = 19,
    TARGET_REG_MACH = 20,
    TARGET_REG_MACL = 21,
    TARGET_REG_SYSCALL = 22
};

static inline void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs,
                                      const CPUSH4State *env)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
        (*regs)[i] = tswapreg(env->gregs[i]);
    }

    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_PC] = tswapreg(env->pc);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_PR] = tswapreg(env->pr);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_SR] = tswapreg(env->sr);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_GBR] = tswapreg(env->gbr);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_MACH] = tswapreg(env->mach);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_MACL] = tswapreg(env->macl);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_SYSCALL] = 0; /* FIXME */
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE        4096

enum {
    SH_CPU_HAS_FPU            = 0x0001, /* Hardware FPU support */
    SH_CPU_HAS_P2_FLUSH_BUG   = 0x0002, /* Need to flush the cache in P2 area */
    SH_CPU_HAS_MMU_PAGE_ASSOC = 0x0004, /* SH3: TLB way selection bit support */
    SH_CPU_HAS_DSP            = 0x0008, /* SH-DSP: DSP support */
    SH_CPU_HAS_PERF_COUNTER   = 0x0010, /* Hardware performance counters */
    SH_CPU_HAS_PTEA           = 0x0020, /* PTEA register */
    SH_CPU_HAS_LLSC           = 0x0040, /* movli.l/movco.l */
    SH_CPU_HAS_L2_CACHE       = 0x0080, /* Secondary cache / URAM */
    SH_CPU_HAS_OP32           = 0x0100, /* 32-bit instruction support */
    SH_CPU_HAS_PTEAEX         = 0x0200, /* PTE ASID Extension support */
};

#define ELF_HWCAP get_elf_hwcap()

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap(void)
{
    SuperHCPU *cpu = SUPERH_CPU(thread_cpu);
    uint32_t hwcap = 0;

    hwcap |= SH_CPU_HAS_FPU;

    if (cpu->env.features & SH_FEATURE_SH4A) {
        hwcap |= SH_CPU_HAS_LLSC;
    }

    return hwcap;
}

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_CRIS

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#define ELF_CLASS ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH  EM_CRIS

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->erp = infop->entry;
}

#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE        8192

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_M68K

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000

#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH        EM_68K

/* ??? Does this need to do anything?
   #define ELF_PLAT_INIT(_r) */

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->usp = infop->start_stack;
    regs->sr = 0;
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
}

/* See linux kernel: arch/m68k/include/asm/elf.h.  */
#define ELF_NREG 20
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs, const CPUM68KState *env)
{
    (*regs)[0] = tswapreg(env->dregs[1]);
    (*regs)[1] = tswapreg(env->dregs[2]);
    (*regs)[2] = tswapreg(env->dregs[3]);
    (*regs)[3] = tswapreg(env->dregs[4]);
    (*regs)[4] = tswapreg(env->dregs[5]);
    (*regs)[5] = tswapreg(env->dregs[6]);
    (*regs)[6] = tswapreg(env->dregs[7]);
    (*regs)[7] = tswapreg(env->aregs[0]);
    (*regs)[8] = tswapreg(env->aregs[1]);
    (*regs)[9] = tswapreg(env->aregs[2]);
    (*regs)[10] = tswapreg(env->aregs[3]);
    (*regs)[11] = tswapreg(env->aregs[4]);
    (*regs)[12] = tswapreg(env->aregs[5]);
    (*regs)[13] = tswapreg(env->aregs[6]);
    (*regs)[14] = tswapreg(env->dregs[0]);
    (*regs)[15] = tswapreg(env->aregs[7]);
    (*regs)[16] = tswapreg(env->dregs[0]); /* FIXME: orig_d0 */
    (*regs)[17] = tswapreg(env->sr);
    (*regs)[18] = tswapreg(env->pc);
    (*regs)[19] = 0;  /* FIXME: regs->format | regs->vector */
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE       8192

#endif

#ifdef TARGET_ALPHA

#define ELF_START_MMAP (0x30000000000ULL)

#define ELF_CLASS      ELFCLASS64
#define ELF_ARCH       EM_ALPHA

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
    regs->ps = 8;
    regs->usp = infop->start_stack;
}

#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE        8192

#endif /* TARGET_ALPHA */

#ifdef TARGET_S390X

#define ELF_START_MMAP (0x20000000000ULL)

#define ELF_CLASS	ELFCLASS64
#define ELF_DATA	ELFDATA2MSB
#define ELF_ARCH	EM_S390

#include "elf.h"

#define ELF_HWCAP get_elf_hwcap()

#define GET_FEATURE(_feat, _hwcap) \
    do { if (s390_has_feat(_feat)) { hwcap |= _hwcap; } } while (0)

static uint32_t get_elf_hwcap(void)
{
    /*
     * Let's assume we always have esan3 and zarch.
     * 31-bit processes can use 64-bit registers (high gprs).
     */
    uint32_t hwcap = HWCAP_S390_ESAN3 | HWCAP_S390_ZARCH | HWCAP_S390_HIGH_GPRS;

    GET_FEATURE(S390_FEAT_STFLE, HWCAP_S390_STFLE);
    GET_FEATURE(S390_FEAT_MSA, HWCAP_S390_MSA);
    GET_FEATURE(S390_FEAT_LONG_DISPLACEMENT, HWCAP_S390_LDISP);
    GET_FEATURE(S390_FEAT_EXTENDED_IMMEDIATE, HWCAP_S390_EIMM);
    if (s390_has_feat(S390_FEAT_EXTENDED_TRANSLATION_3) &&
        s390_has_feat(S390_FEAT_ETF3_ENH)) {
        hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_ETF3EH;
    }
    GET_FEATURE(S390_FEAT_VECTOR, HWCAP_S390_VXRS);

    return hwcap;
}

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs, struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->psw.addr = infop->entry;
    regs->psw.mask = PSW_MASK_64 | PSW_MASK_32;
    regs->gprs[15] = infop->start_stack;
}

#endif /* TARGET_S390X */

#ifdef TARGET_TILEGX

/* 42 bits real used address, a half for user mode */
#define ELF_START_MMAP (0x00000020000000000ULL)

#define elf_check_arch(x) ((x) == EM_TILEGX)

#define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS64
#define ELF_DATA    ELFDATA2LSB
#define ELF_ARCH    EM_TILEGX

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
    regs->sp = infop->start_stack;

}

#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE        65536 /* TILE-Gx page size is 64KB */

#endif /* TARGET_TILEGX */

#ifdef TARGET_RISCV

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x80000000
#define ELF_ARCH  EM_RISCV

#ifdef TARGET_RISCV32
#define ELF_CLASS ELFCLASS32
#else
#define ELF_CLASS ELFCLASS64
#endif

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->sepc = infop->entry;
    regs->sp = infop->start_stack;
}

#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE 4096

#endif /* TARGET_RISCV */

#ifdef TARGET_HPPA

#define ELF_START_MMAP  0x80000000
#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH        EM_PARISC
#define ELF_PLATFORM    "PARISC"
#define STACK_GROWS_DOWN 0
#define STACK_ALIGNMENT  64

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->iaoq[0] = infop->entry;
    regs->iaoq[1] = infop->entry + 4;
    regs->gr[23] = 0;
    regs->gr[24] = infop->arg_start;
    regs->gr[25] = (infop->arg_end - infop->arg_start) / sizeof(abi_ulong);
    /* The top-of-stack contains a linkage buffer.  */
    regs->gr[30] = infop->start_stack + 64;
    regs->gr[31] = infop->entry;
}

#endif /* TARGET_HPPA */

#ifdef TARGET_XTENSA

#define ELF_START_MMAP 0x20000000

#define ELF_CLASS       ELFCLASS32
#define ELF_ARCH        EM_XTENSA

static inline void init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs,
                               struct image_info *infop)
{
    regs->windowbase = 0;
    regs->windowstart = 1;
    regs->areg[1] = infop->start_stack;
    regs->pc = infop->entry;
}

/* See linux kernel: arch/xtensa/include/asm/elf.h.  */
#define ELF_NREG 128
typedef target_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];

enum {
    TARGET_REG_PC,
    TARGET_REG_PS,
    TARGET_REG_LBEG,
    TARGET_REG_LEND,
    TARGET_REG_LCOUNT,
    TARGET_REG_SAR,
    TARGET_REG_WINDOWSTART,
    TARGET_REG_WINDOWBASE,
    TARGET_REG_THREADPTR,
    TARGET_REG_AR0 = 64,
};

static void elf_core_copy_regs(target_elf_gregset_t *regs,
                               const CPUXtensaState *env)
{
    unsigned i;

    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_PC] = tswapreg(env->pc);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_PS] = tswapreg(env->sregs[PS] & ~PS_EXCM);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_LBEG] = tswapreg(env->sregs[LBEG]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_LEND] = tswapreg(env->sregs[LEND]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_LCOUNT] = tswapreg(env->sregs[LCOUNT]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_SAR] = tswapreg(env->sregs[SAR]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_WINDOWSTART] = tswapreg(env->sregs[WINDOW_START]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_WINDOWBASE] = tswapreg(env->sregs[WINDOW_BASE]);
    (*regs)[TARGET_REG_THREADPTR] = tswapreg(env->uregs[THREADPTR]);
    xtensa_sync_phys_from_window((CPUXtensaState *)env);
    for (i = 0; i < env->config->nareg; ++i) {
        (*regs)[TARGET_REG_AR0 + i] = tswapreg(env->phys_regs[i]);
    }
}

#define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
#define ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE       4096

#endif /* TARGET_XTENSA */

#ifndef ELF_PLATFORM
#define ELF_PLATFORM (NULL)
#endif

#ifndef ELF_MACHINE
#define ELF_MACHINE ELF_ARCH
#endif

#ifndef elf_check_arch
#define elf_check_arch(x) ((x) == ELF_ARCH)
#endif

#ifndef ELF_HWCAP
#define ELF_HWCAP 0
#endif

#ifndef STACK_GROWS_DOWN
#define STACK_GROWS_DOWN 1
#endif

#ifndef STACK_ALIGNMENT
#define STACK_ALIGNMENT 16
#endif

#ifdef TARGET_ABI32
#undef ELF_CLASS
#define ELF_CLASS ELFCLASS32
#undef bswaptls
#define bswaptls(ptr) bswap32s(ptr)
#endif

#include "elf.h"

struct exec
{
    unsigned int a_info;   /* Use macros N_MAGIC, etc for access */
    unsigned int a_text;   /* length of text, in bytes */
    unsigned int a_data;   /* length of data, in bytes */
    unsigned int a_bss;    /* length of uninitialized data area, in bytes */
    unsigned int a_syms;   /* length of symbol table data in file, in bytes */
    unsigned int a_entry;  /* start address */
    unsigned int a_trsize; /* length of relocation info for text, in bytes */
    unsigned int a_drsize; /* length of relocation info for data, in bytes */
};


#define N_MAGIC(exec) ((exec).a_info & 0xffff)
#define OMAGIC 0407
#define NMAGIC 0410
#define ZMAGIC 0413
#define QMAGIC 0314

/* Necessary parameters */
#define TARGET_ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE \
        (((eppnt->p_align & ~qemu_host_page_mask) != 0) ? \
         TARGET_PAGE_SIZE : MAX(qemu_host_page_size, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE))
#define TARGET_ELF_PAGELENGTH(_v) ROUND_UP((_v), TARGET_ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE)
#define TARGET_ELF_PAGESTART(_v) ((_v) & \
                                 ~(abi_ulong)(TARGET_ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE-1))
#define TARGET_ELF_PAGEOFFSET(_v) ((_v) & (TARGET_ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE-1))

#define DLINFO_ITEMS 16

static inline void memcpy_fromfs(void * to, const void * from, unsigned long n)
{
    memcpy(to, from, n);
}

#ifdef BSWAP_NEEDED
static void bswap_ehdr(struct elfhdr *ehdr)
{
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_type);            /* Object file type */
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_machine);         /* Architecture */
    bswap32s(&ehdr->e_version);         /* Object file version */
    bswaptls(&ehdr->e_entry);           /* Entry point virtual address */
    bswaptls(&ehdr->e_phoff);           /* Program header table file offset */
    bswaptls(&ehdr->e_shoff);           /* Section header table file offset */
    bswap32s(&ehdr->e_flags);           /* Processor-specific flags */
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_ehsize);          /* ELF header size in bytes */
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_phentsize);       /* Program header table entry size */
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_phnum);           /* Program header table entry count */
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_shentsize);       /* Section header table entry size */
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_shnum);           /* Section header table entry count */
    bswap16s(&ehdr->e_shstrndx);        /* Section header string table index */
}

static void bswap_phdr(struct elf_phdr *phdr, int phnum)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < phnum; ++i, ++phdr) {
        bswap32s(&phdr->p_type);        /* Segment type */
        bswap32s(&phdr->p_flags);       /* Segment flags */
        bswaptls(&phdr->p_offset);      /* Segment file offset */
        bswaptls(&phdr->p_vaddr);       /* Segment virtual address */
        bswaptls(&phdr->p_paddr);       /* Segment physical address */
        bswaptls(&phdr->p_filesz);      /* Segment size in file */
        bswaptls(&phdr->p_memsz);       /* Segment size in memory */
        bswaptls(&phdr->p_align);       /* Segment alignment */
    }
}

static void bswap_shdr(struct elf_shdr *shdr, int shnum)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < shnum; ++i, ++shdr) {
        bswap32s(&shdr->sh_name);
        bswap32s(&shdr->sh_type);
        bswaptls(&shdr->sh_flags);
        bswaptls(&shdr->sh_addr);
        bswaptls(&shdr->sh_offset);
        bswaptls(&shdr->sh_size);
        bswap32s(&shdr->sh_link);
        bswap32s(&shdr->sh_info);
        bswaptls(&shdr->sh_addralign);
        bswaptls(&shdr->sh_entsize);
    }
}

static void bswap_sym(struct elf_sym *sym)
{
    bswap32s(&sym->st_name);
    bswaptls(&sym->st_value);
    bswaptls(&sym->st_size);
    bswap16s(&sym->st_shndx);
}

#ifdef TARGET_MIPS
static void bswap_mips_abiflags(Mips_elf_abiflags_v0 *abiflags)
{
    bswap16s(&abiflags->version);
    bswap32s(&abiflags->ases);
    bswap32s(&abiflags->isa_ext);
    bswap32s(&abiflags->flags1);
    bswap32s(&abiflags->flags2);
}
#endif
#else
static inline void bswap_ehdr(struct elfhdr *ehdr) { }
static inline void bswap_phdr(struct elf_phdr *phdr, int phnum) { }
static inline void bswap_shdr(struct elf_shdr *shdr, int shnum) { }
static inline void bswap_sym(struct elf_sym *sym) { }
#ifdef TARGET_MIPS
static inline void bswap_mips_abiflags(Mips_elf_abiflags_v0 *abiflags) { }
#endif
#endif

#ifdef USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
static int elf_core_dump(int, const CPUArchState *);
#endif /* USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP */
static void load_symbols(struct elfhdr *hdr, int fd, abi_ulong load_bias);

/* Verify the portions of EHDR within E_IDENT for the target.
   This can be performed before bswapping the entire header.  */
static bool elf_check_ident(struct elfhdr *ehdr)
{
    return (ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG0] == ELFMAG0
            && ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG1] == ELFMAG1
            && ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG2] == ELFMAG2
            && ehdr->e_ident[EI_MAG3] == ELFMAG3
            && ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELF_CLASS
            && ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELF_DATA
            && ehdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] == EV_CURRENT);
}

/* Verify the portions of EHDR outside of E_IDENT for the target.
   This has to wait until after bswapping the header.  */
static bool elf_check_ehdr(struct elfhdr *ehdr)
{
    return (elf_check_arch(ehdr->e_machine)
            && ehdr->e_ehsize == sizeof(struct elfhdr)
            && ehdr->e_phentsize == sizeof(struct elf_phdr)
            && (ehdr->e_type == ET_EXEC || ehdr->e_type == ET_DYN));
}

/*
 * 'copy_elf_strings()' copies argument/envelope strings from user
 * memory to free pages in kernel mem. These are in a format ready
 * to be put directly into the top of new user memory.
 *
 */
static abi_ulong copy_elf_strings(int argc, char **argv, char *scratch,
                                  abi_ulong p, abi_ulong stack_limit)
{
    char *tmp;
    int len, i;
    abi_ulong top = p;

    if (!p) {
        return 0;       /* bullet-proofing */
    }

    if (STACK_GROWS_DOWN) {
        int offset = ((p - 1) % TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) + 1;
        for (i = argc - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            tmp = argv[i];
            if (!tmp) {
                fprintf(stderr, "VFS: argc is wrong");
                exit(-1);
            }
            len = strlen(tmp) + 1;
            tmp += len;

            if (len > (p - stack_limit)) {
                return 0;
            }
            while (len) {
                int bytes_to_copy = (len > offset) ? offset : len;
                tmp -= bytes_to_copy;
                p -= bytes_to_copy;
                offset -= bytes_to_copy;
                len -= bytes_to_copy;

                memcpy_fromfs(scratch + offset, tmp, bytes_to_copy);

                if (offset == 0) {
                    memcpy_to_target(p, scratch, top - p);
                    top = p;
                    offset = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
                }
            }
        }
        if (p != top) {
            memcpy_to_target(p, scratch + offset, top - p);
        }
    } else {
        int remaining = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - (p % TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
        for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
            tmp = argv[i];
            if (!tmp) {
                fprintf(stderr, "VFS: argc is wrong");
                exit(-1);
            }
            len = strlen(tmp) + 1;
            if (len > (stack_limit - p)) {
                return 0;
            }
            while (len) {
                int bytes_to_copy = (len > remaining) ? remaining : len;

                memcpy_fromfs(scratch + (p - top), tmp, bytes_to_copy);

                tmp += bytes_to_copy;
                remaining -= bytes_to_copy;
                p += bytes_to_copy;
                len -= bytes_to_copy;

                if (remaining == 0) {
                    memcpy_to_target(top, scratch, p - top);
                    top = p;
                    remaining = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
                }
            }
        }
        if (p != top) {
            memcpy_to_target(top, scratch, p - top);
        }
    }

    return p;
}

/* Older linux kernels provide up to MAX_ARG_PAGES (default: 32) of
 * argument/environment space. Newer kernels (>2.6.33) allow more,
 * dependent on stack size, but guarantee at least 32 pages for
 * backwards compatibility.
 */
#define STACK_LOWER_LIMIT (32 * TARGET_PAGE_SIZE)

static abi_ulong setup_arg_pages(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
                                 struct image_info *info)
{
    abi_ulong size, error, guard;

    size = guest_stack_size;
    if (size < STACK_LOWER_LIMIT) {
        size = STACK_LOWER_LIMIT;
    }
    guard = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
    if (guard < qemu_real_host_page_size) {
        guard = qemu_real_host_page_size;
    }

    error = target_mmap(0, size + guard, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                        MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
    if (error == -1) {
        perror("mmap stack");
        exit(-1);
    }

    /* We reserve one extra page at the top of the stack as guard.  */
    if (STACK_GROWS_DOWN) {
        target_mprotect(error, guard, PROT_NONE);
        info->stack_limit = error + guard;
        return info->stack_limit + size - sizeof(void *);
    } else {
        target_mprotect(error + size, guard, PROT_NONE);
        info->stack_limit = error + size;
        return error;
    }
}

/* Map and zero the bss.  We need to explicitly zero any fractional pages
   after the data section (i.e. bss).  */
static void zero_bss(abi_ulong elf_bss, abi_ulong last_bss, int prot)
{
    uintptr_t host_start, host_map_start, host_end;

    last_bss = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(last_bss);

    /* ??? There is confusion between qemu_real_host_page_size and
       qemu_host_page_size here and elsewhere in target_mmap, which
       may lead to the end of the data section mapping from the file
       not being mapped.  At least there was an explicit test and
       comment for that here, suggesting that "the file size must
       be known".  The comment probably pre-dates the introduction
       of the fstat system call in target_mmap which does in fact
       find out the size.  What isn't clear is if the workaround
       here is still actually needed.  For now, continue with it,
       but merge it with the "normal" mmap that would allocate the bss.  */

    host_start = (uintptr_t) g2h(elf_bss);
    host_end = (uintptr_t) g2h(last_bss);
    host_map_start = REAL_HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(host_start);

    if (host_map_start < host_end) {
        void *p = mmap((void *)host_map_start, host_end - host_map_start,
                       prot, MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
        if (p == MAP_FAILED) {
            perror("cannot mmap brk");
            exit(-1);
        }
    }

    /* Ensure that the bss page(s) are valid */
    if ((page_get_flags(last_bss-1) & prot) != prot) {
        page_set_flags(elf_bss & TARGET_PAGE_MASK, last_bss, prot | PAGE_VALID);
    }

    if (host_start < host_map_start) {
        memset((void *)host_start, 0, host_map_start - host_start);
    }
}

#ifdef TARGET_ARM
static int elf_is_fdpic(struct elfhdr *exec)
{
    return exec->e_ident[EI_OSABI] == ELFOSABI_ARM_FDPIC;
}
#else
/* Default implementation, always false.  */
static int elf_is_fdpic(struct elfhdr *exec)
{
    return 0;
}
#endif

static abi_ulong loader_build_fdpic_loadmap(struct image_info *info, abi_ulong sp)
{
    uint16_t n;
    struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg *loadsegs = info->loadsegs;

    /* elf32_fdpic_loadseg */
    n = info->nsegs;
    while (n--) {
        sp -= 12;
        put_user_u32(loadsegs[n].addr, sp+0);
        put_user_u32(loadsegs[n].p_vaddr, sp+4);
        put_user_u32(loadsegs[n].p_memsz, sp+8);
    }

    /* elf32_fdpic_loadmap */
    sp -= 4;
    put_user_u16(0, sp+0); /* version */
    put_user_u16(info->nsegs, sp+2); /* nsegs */

    info->personality = PER_LINUX_FDPIC;
    info->loadmap_addr = sp;

    return sp;
}

static abi_ulong create_elf_tables(abi_ulong p, int argc, int envc,
                                   struct elfhdr *exec,
                                   struct image_info *info,
                                   struct image_info *interp_info)
{
    abi_ulong sp;
    abi_ulong u_argc, u_argv, u_envp, u_auxv;
    int size;
    int i;
    abi_ulong u_rand_bytes;
    uint8_t k_rand_bytes[16];
    abi_ulong u_platform;
    const char *k_platform;
    const int n = sizeof(elf_addr_t);

    sp = p;

    /* Needs to be before we load the env/argc/... */
    if (elf_is_fdpic(exec)) {
        /* Need 4 byte alignment for these structs */
        sp &= ~3;
        sp = loader_build_fdpic_loadmap(info, sp);
        info->other_info = interp_info;
        if (interp_info) {
            interp_info->other_info = info;
            sp = loader_build_fdpic_loadmap(interp_info, sp);
            info->interpreter_loadmap_addr = interp_info->loadmap_addr;
            info->interpreter_pt_dynamic_addr = interp_info->pt_dynamic_addr;
        } else {
            info->interpreter_loadmap_addr = 0;
            info->interpreter_pt_dynamic_addr = 0;
        }
    }

    u_platform = 0;
    k_platform = ELF_PLATFORM;
    if (k_platform) {
        size_t len = strlen(k_platform) + 1;
        if (STACK_GROWS_DOWN) {
            sp -= (len + n - 1) & ~(n - 1);
            u_platform = sp;
            /* FIXME - check return value of memcpy_to_target() for failure */
            memcpy_to_target(sp, k_platform, len);
        } else {
            memcpy_to_target(sp, k_platform, len);
            u_platform = sp;
            sp += len + 1;
        }
    }

    /* Provide 16 byte alignment for the PRNG, and basic alignment for
     * the argv and envp pointers.
     */
    if (STACK_GROWS_DOWN) {
        sp = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(sp, 16);
    } else {
        sp = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(sp, 16);
    }

    /*
     * Generate 16 random bytes for userspace PRNG seeding.
     */
    qemu_guest_getrandom_nofail(k_rand_bytes, sizeof(k_rand_bytes));
    if (STACK_GROWS_DOWN) {
        sp -= 16;
        u_rand_bytes = sp;
        /* FIXME - check return value of memcpy_to_target() for failure */
        memcpy_to_target(sp, k_rand_bytes, 16);
    } else {
        memcpy_to_target(sp, k_rand_bytes, 16);
        u_rand_bytes = sp;
        sp += 16;
    }

    size = (DLINFO_ITEMS + 1) * 2;
    if (k_platform)
        size += 2;
#ifdef DLINFO_ARCH_ITEMS
    size += DLINFO_ARCH_ITEMS * 2;
#endif
#ifdef ELF_HWCAP2
    size += 2;
#endif
    info->auxv_len = size * n;

    size += envc + argc + 2;
    size += 1;  /* argc itself */
    size *= n;

    /* Allocate space and finalize stack alignment for entry now.  */
    if (STACK_GROWS_DOWN) {
        u_argc = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(sp - size, STACK_ALIGNMENT);
        sp = u_argc;
    } else {
        u_argc = sp;
        sp = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(sp + size, STACK_ALIGNMENT);
    }

    u_argv = u_argc + n;
    u_envp = u_argv + (argc + 1) * n;
    u_auxv = u_envp + (envc + 1) * n;
    info->saved_auxv = u_auxv;
    info->arg_start = u_argv;
    info->arg_end = u_argv + argc * n;

    /* This is correct because Linux defines
     * elf_addr_t as Elf32_Off / Elf64_Off
     */
#define NEW_AUX_ENT(id, val) do {               \
        put_user_ual(id, u_auxv);  u_auxv += n; \
        put_user_ual(val, u_auxv); u_auxv += n; \
    } while(0)

#ifdef ARCH_DLINFO
    /*
     * ARCH_DLINFO must come first so platform specific code can enforce
     * special alignment requirements on the AUXV if necessary (eg. PPC).
     */
    ARCH_DLINFO;
#endif
    /* There must be exactly DLINFO_ITEMS entries here, or the assert
     * on info->auxv_len will trigger.
     */
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHDR, (abi_ulong)(info->load_addr + exec->e_phoff));
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHENT, (abi_ulong)(sizeof (struct elf_phdr)));
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PHNUM, (abi_ulong)(exec->e_phnum));
    if ((info->alignment & ~qemu_host_page_mask) != 0) {
        /* Target doesn't support host page size alignment */
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PAGESZ, (abi_ulong)(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE));
    } else {
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PAGESZ, (abi_ulong)(MAX(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
                                               qemu_host_page_size)));
    }
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_BASE, (abi_ulong)(interp_info ? interp_info->load_addr : 0));
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_FLAGS, (abi_ulong)0);
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_ENTRY, info->entry);
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_UID, (abi_ulong) getuid());
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EUID, (abi_ulong) geteuid());
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_GID, (abi_ulong) getgid());
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EGID, (abi_ulong) getegid());
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP, (abi_ulong) ELF_HWCAP);
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_CLKTCK, (abi_ulong) sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK));
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_RANDOM, (abi_ulong) u_rand_bytes);
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_SECURE, (abi_ulong) qemu_getauxval(AT_SECURE));
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_EXECFN, info->file_string);

#ifdef ELF_HWCAP2
    NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_HWCAP2, (abi_ulong) ELF_HWCAP2);
#endif

    if (u_platform) {
        NEW_AUX_ENT(AT_PLATFORM, u_platform);
    }
    NEW_AUX_ENT (AT_NULL, 0);
#undef NEW_AUX_ENT

    /* Check that our initial calculation of the auxv length matches how much
     * we actually put into it.
     */
    assert(info->auxv_len == u_auxv - info->saved_auxv);

    put_user_ual(argc, u_argc);

    p = info->arg_strings;
    for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
        put_user_ual(p, u_argv);
        u_argv += n;
        p += target_strlen(p) + 1;
    }
    put_user_ual(0, u_argv);

    p = info->env_strings;
    for (i = 0; i < envc; ++i) {
        put_user_ual(p, u_envp);
        u_envp += n;
        p += target_strlen(p) + 1;
    }
    put_user_ual(0, u_envp);

    return sp;
}

unsigned long init_guest_space(unsigned long host_start,
                               unsigned long host_size,
                               unsigned long guest_start,
                               bool fixed)
{
    /* In order to use host shmat, we must be able to honor SHMLBA.  */
    unsigned long align = MAX(SHMLBA, qemu_host_page_size);
    unsigned long current_start, aligned_start;
    int flags;

    assert(host_start || host_size);

    /* If just a starting address is given, then just verify that
     * address.  */
    if (host_start && !host_size) {
#if defined(TARGET_ARM) && !defined(TARGET_AARCH64)
        if (init_guest_commpage(host_start, host_size) != 1) {
            return (unsigned long)-1;
        }
#endif
        return host_start;
    }

    /* Setup the initial flags and start address.  */
    current_start = host_start & -align;
    flags = MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NORESERVE;
    if (fixed) {
        flags |= MAP_FIXED;
    }

    /* Otherwise, a non-zero size region of memory needs to be mapped
     * and validated.  */

#if defined(TARGET_ARM) && !defined(TARGET_AARCH64)
    /* On 32-bit ARM, we need to map not just the usable memory, but
     * also the commpage.  Try to find a suitable place by allocating
     * a big chunk for all of it.  If host_start, then the naive
     * strategy probably does good enough.
     */
    if (!host_start) {
        unsigned long guest_full_size, host_full_size, real_start;

        guest_full_size =
            (0xffff0f00 & qemu_host_page_mask) + qemu_host_page_size;
        host_full_size = guest_full_size - guest_start;
        real_start = (unsigned long)
            mmap(NULL, host_full_size, PROT_NONE, flags, -1, 0);
        if (real_start == (unsigned long)-1) {
            if (host_size < host_full_size - qemu_host_page_size) {
                /* We failed to map a continous segment, but we're
                 * allowed to have a gap between the usable memory and
                 * the commpage where other things can be mapped.
                 * This sparseness gives us more flexibility to find
                 * an address range.
                 */
                goto naive;
            }
            return (unsigned long)-1;
        }
        munmap((void *)real_start, host_full_size);
        if (real_start & (align - 1)) {
            /* The same thing again, but with extra
             * so that we can shift around alignment.
             */
            unsigned long real_size = host_full_size + qemu_host_page_size;
            real_start = (unsigned long)
                mmap(NULL, real_size, PROT_NONE, flags, -1, 0);
            if (real_start == (unsigned long)-1) {
                if (host_size < host_full_size - qemu_host_page_size) {
                    goto naive;
                }
                return (unsigned long)-1;
            }
            munmap((void *)real_start, real_size);
            real_start = ROUND_UP(real_start, align);
        }
        current_start = real_start;
    }
 naive:
#endif

    while (1) {
        unsigned long real_start, real_size, aligned_size;
        aligned_size = real_size = host_size;

        /* Do not use mmap_find_vma here because that is limited to the
         * guest address space.  We are going to make the
         * guest address space fit whatever we're given.
         */
        real_start = (unsigned long)
            mmap((void *)current_start, host_size, PROT_NONE, flags, -1, 0);
        if (real_start == (unsigned long)-1) {
            return (unsigned long)-1;
        }

        /* Check to see if the address is valid.  */
        if (host_start && real_start != current_start) {
            goto try_again;
        }

        /* Ensure the address is properly aligned.  */
        if (real_start & (align - 1)) {
            /* Ideally, we adjust like
             *
             *    pages: [  ][  ][  ][  ][  ]
             *      old:   [   real   ]
             *             [ aligned  ]
             *      new:   [     real     ]
             *               [ aligned  ]
             *
             * But if there is something else mapped right after it,
             * then obviously it won't have room to grow, and the
             * kernel will put the new larger real someplace else with
             * unknown alignment (if we made it to here, then
             * fixed=false).  Which is why we grow real by a full page
             * size, instead of by part of one; so that even if we get
             * moved, we can still guarantee alignment.  But this does
             * mean that there is a padding of < 1 page both before
             * and after the aligned range; the "after" could could
             * cause problems for ARM emulation where it could butt in
             * to where we need to put the commpage.
             */
            munmap((void *)real_start, host_size);
            real_size = aligned_size + align;
            real_start = (unsigned long)
                mmap((void *)real_start, real_size, PROT_NONE, flags, -1, 0);
            if (real_start == (unsigned long)-1) {
                return (unsigned long)-1;
            }
            aligned_start = ROUND_UP(real_start, align);
        } else {
            aligned_start = real_start;
        }

#if defined(TARGET_ARM) && !defined(TARGET_AARCH64)
        /* On 32-bit ARM, we need to also be able to map the commpage.  */
        int valid = init_guest_commpage(aligned_start - guest_start,
                                        aligned_size + guest_start);
        if (valid == -1) {
            munmap((void *)real_start, real_size);
            return (unsigned long)-1;
        } else if (valid == 0) {
            goto try_again;
        }
#endif

        /* If nothing has said `return -1` or `goto try_again` yet,
         * then the address we have is good.
         */
        break;

    try_again:
        /* That address didn't work.  Unmap and try a different one.
         * The address the host picked because is typically right at
         * the top of the host address space and leaves the guest with
         * no usable address space.  Resort to a linear search.  We
         * already compensated for mmap_min_addr, so this should not
         * happen often.  Probably means we got unlucky and host
         * address space randomization put a shared library somewhere
         * inconvenient.
         *
         * This is probably a good strategy if host_start, but is
         * probably a bad strategy if not, which means we got here
         * because of trouble with ARM commpage setup.
         */
        munmap((void *)real_start, real_size);
        current_start += align;
        if (host_start == current_start) {
            /* Theoretically possible if host doesn't have any suitably
             * aligned areas.  Normally the first mmap will fail.
             */
            return (unsigned long)-1;
        }
    }

    qemu_log_mask(CPU_LOG_PAGE, "Reserved 0x%lx bytes of guest address space\n", host_size);

    return aligned_start;
}

static void probe_guest_base(const char *image_name,
                             abi_ulong loaddr, abi_ulong hiaddr)
{
    /* Probe for a suitable guest base address, if the user has not set
     * it explicitly, and set guest_base appropriately.
     * In case of error we will print a suitable message and exit.
     */
    const char *errmsg;
    if (!have_guest_base && !reserved_va) {
        unsigned long host_start, real_start, host_size;

        /* Round addresses to page boundaries.  */
        loaddr &= qemu_host_page_mask;
        hiaddr = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(hiaddr);

        if (loaddr < mmap_min_addr) {
            host_start = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(mmap_min_addr);
        } else {
            host_start = loaddr;
            if (host_start != loaddr) {
                errmsg = "Address overflow loading ELF binary";
                goto exit_errmsg;
            }
        }
        host_size = hiaddr - loaddr;

        /* Setup the initial guest memory space with ranges gleaned from
         * the ELF image that is being loaded.
         */
        real_start = init_guest_space(host_start, host_size, loaddr, false);
        if (real_start == (unsigned long)-1) {
            errmsg = "Unable to find space for application";
            goto exit_errmsg;
        }
        guest_base = real_start - loaddr;

        qemu_log_mask(CPU_LOG_PAGE, "Relocating guest address space from 0x"
                      TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx " to 0x%lx\n",
                      loaddr, real_start);
    }
    return;

exit_errmsg:
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", image_name, errmsg);
    exit(-1);
}


/* Load an ELF image into the address space.

   IMAGE_NAME is the filename of the image, to use in error messages.
   IMAGE_FD is the open file descriptor for the image.

   BPRM_BUF is a copy of the beginning of the file; this of course
   contains the elf file header at offset 0.  It is assumed that this
   buffer is sufficiently aligned to present no problems to the host
   in accessing data at aligned offsets within the buffer.

   On return: INFO values will be filled in, as necessary or available.  */

static void load_elf_image(const char *image_name, int image_fd,
                           struct image_info *info, char **pinterp_name,
                           char bprm_buf[BPRM_BUF_SIZE])
{
    struct elfhdr *ehdr = (struct elfhdr *)bprm_buf;
    struct elf_phdr *phdr;
    abi_ulong load_addr, load_bias, loaddr, hiaddr, error;
    int i, retval;
    const char *errmsg;

    /* First of all, some simple consistency checks */
    errmsg = "Invalid ELF image for this architecture";
    if (!elf_check_ident(ehdr)) {
        goto exit_errmsg;
    }
    bswap_ehdr(ehdr);
    if (!elf_check_ehdr(ehdr)) {
        goto exit_errmsg;
    }

    i = ehdr->e_phnum * sizeof(struct elf_phdr);
    if (ehdr->e_phoff + i <= BPRM_BUF_SIZE) {
        phdr = (struct elf_phdr *)(bprm_buf + ehdr->e_phoff);
    } else {
        phdr = (struct elf_phdr *) alloca(i);
        retval = pread(image_fd, phdr, i, ehdr->e_phoff);
        if (retval != i) {
            goto exit_read;
        }
    }
    bswap_phdr(phdr, ehdr->e_phnum);

    info->nsegs = 0;
    info->pt_dynamic_addr = 0;

    mmap_lock();

    /* Find the maximum size of the image and allocate an appropriate
       amount of memory to handle that.  */
    loaddr = -1, hiaddr = 0;
    info->alignment = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_phnum; ++i) {
        if (phdr[i].p_type == PT_LOAD) {
            abi_ulong a = phdr[i].p_vaddr - phdr[i].p_offset;
            if (a < loaddr) {
                loaddr = a;
            }
            a = phdr[i].p_vaddr + phdr[i].p_memsz;
            if (a > hiaddr) {
                hiaddr = a;
            }
            ++info->nsegs;
            info->alignment |= phdr[i].p_align;
        }
    }

    if (pinterp_name != NULL) {
        /*
         * This is the main executable.
         *
         * Reserve extra space for brk.
         * We hold on to this space while placing the interpreter
         * and the stack, lest they be placed immediately after
         * the data segment and block allocation from the brk.
         *
         * 16MB is chosen as "large enough" without being so large
         * as to allow the result to not fit with a 32-bit guest on
         * a 32-bit host.
         */
        info->reserve_brk = 16 * MiB;
        hiaddr += info->reserve_brk;

        if (ehdr->e_type == ET_EXEC) {
            /*
             * Make sure that the low address does not conflict with
             * MMAP_MIN_ADDR or the QEMU application itself.
             */
            probe_guest_base(image_name, loaddr, hiaddr);
        }
    }

    /*
     * Reserve address space for all of this.
     *
     * In the case of ET_EXEC, we supply MAP_FIXED so that we get
     * exactly the address range that is required.
     *
     * Otherwise this is ET_DYN, and we are searching for a location
     * that can hold the memory space required.  If the image is
     * pre-linked, LOADDR will be non-zero, and the kernel should
     * honor that address if it happens to be free.
     *
     * In both cases, we will overwrite pages in this range with mappings
     * from the executable.
     */
    load_addr = target_mmap(loaddr, hiaddr - loaddr, PROT_NONE,
                            MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANON | MAP_NORESERVE |
                            (ehdr->e_type == ET_EXEC ? MAP_FIXED : 0),
                            -1, 0);
    if (load_addr == -1) {
        goto exit_perror;
    }
    load_bias = load_addr - loaddr;

    if (elf_is_fdpic(ehdr)) {
        struct elf32_fdpic_loadseg *loadsegs = info->loadsegs =
            g_malloc(sizeof(*loadsegs) * info->nsegs);

        for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_phnum; ++i) {
            switch (phdr[i].p_type) {
            case PT_DYNAMIC:
                info->pt_dynamic_addr = phdr[i].p_vaddr + load_bias;
                break;
            case PT_LOAD:
                loadsegs->addr = phdr[i].p_vaddr + load_bias;
                loadsegs->p_vaddr = phdr[i].p_vaddr;
                loadsegs->p_memsz = phdr[i].p_memsz;
                ++loadsegs;
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    info->load_bias = load_bias;
    info->code_offset = load_bias;
    info->data_offset = load_bias;
    info->load_addr = load_addr;
    info->entry = ehdr->e_entry + load_bias;
    info->start_code = -1;
    info->end_code = 0;
    info->start_data = -1;
    info->end_data = 0;
    info->brk = 0;
    info->elf_flags = ehdr->e_flags;

    for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_phnum; i++) {
        struct elf_phdr *eppnt = phdr + i;
        if (eppnt->p_type == PT_LOAD) {
            abi_ulong vaddr, vaddr_po, vaddr_ps, vaddr_ef, vaddr_em, vaddr_len;
            int elf_prot = 0;

            if (eppnt->p_flags & PF_R) elf_prot =  PROT_READ;
            if (eppnt->p_flags & PF_W) elf_prot |= PROT_WRITE;
            if (eppnt->p_flags & PF_X) elf_prot |= PROT_EXEC;

            vaddr = load_bias + eppnt->p_vaddr;
            vaddr_po = TARGET_ELF_PAGEOFFSET(vaddr);
            vaddr_ps = TARGET_ELF_PAGESTART(vaddr);
            vaddr_len = TARGET_ELF_PAGELENGTH(eppnt->p_filesz + vaddr_po);

            /*
             * Some segments may be completely empty without any backing file
             * segment, in that case just let zero_bss allocate an empty buffer
             * for it.
             */
            if (eppnt->p_filesz != 0) {
                error = target_mmap(vaddr_ps, vaddr_len, elf_prot,
                                    MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_FIXED,
                                    image_fd, eppnt->p_offset - vaddr_po);

                if (error == -1) {
                    goto exit_perror;
                }
            }

            vaddr_ef = vaddr + eppnt->p_filesz;
            vaddr_em = vaddr + eppnt->p_memsz;

            /* If the load segment requests extra zeros (e.g. bss), map it.  */
            if (vaddr_ef < vaddr_em) {
                zero_bss(vaddr_ef, vaddr_em, elf_prot);
            }

            /* Find the full program boundaries.  */
            if (elf_prot & PROT_EXEC) {
                if (vaddr < info->start_code) {
                    info->start_code = vaddr;
                }
                if (vaddr_ef > info->end_code) {
                    info->end_code = vaddr_ef;
                }
            }
            if (elf_prot & PROT_WRITE) {
                if (vaddr < info->start_data) {
                    info->start_data = vaddr;
                }
                if (vaddr_ef > info->end_data) {
                    info->end_data = vaddr_ef;
                }
                if (vaddr_em > info->brk) {
                    info->brk = vaddr_em;
                }
            }
        } else if (eppnt->p_type == PT_INTERP && pinterp_name) {
            char *interp_name;

            if (*pinterp_name) {
                errmsg = "Multiple PT_INTERP entries";
                goto exit_errmsg;
            }
            interp_name = malloc(eppnt->p_filesz);
            if (!interp_name) {
                goto exit_perror;
            }

            if (eppnt->p_offset + eppnt->p_filesz <= BPRM_BUF_SIZE) {
                memcpy(interp_name, bprm_buf + eppnt->p_offset,
                       eppnt->p_filesz);
            } else {
                retval = pread(image_fd, interp_name, eppnt->p_filesz,
                               eppnt->p_offset);
                if (retval != eppnt->p_filesz) {
                    goto exit_perror;
                }
            }
            if (interp_name[eppnt->p_filesz - 1] != 0) {
                errmsg = "Invalid PT_INTERP entry";
                goto exit_errmsg;
            }
            *pinterp_name = interp_name;
#ifdef TARGET_MIPS
        } else if (eppnt->p_type == PT_MIPS_ABIFLAGS) {
            Mips_elf_abiflags_v0 abiflags;
            if (eppnt->p_filesz < sizeof(Mips_elf_abiflags_v0)) {
                errmsg = "Invalid PT_MIPS_ABIFLAGS entry";
                goto exit_errmsg;
            }
            if (eppnt->p_offset + eppnt->p_filesz <= BPRM_BUF_SIZE) {
                memcpy(&abiflags, bprm_buf + eppnt->p_offset,
                       sizeof(Mips_elf_abiflags_v0));
            } else {
                retval = pread(image_fd, &abiflags, sizeof(Mips_elf_abiflags_v0),
                               eppnt->p_offset);
                if (retval != sizeof(Mips_elf_abiflags_v0)) {
                    goto exit_perror;
                }
            }
            bswap_mips_abiflags(&abiflags);
            info->fp_abi = abiflags.fp_abi;
#endif
        }
    }

    if (info->end_data == 0) {
        info->start_data = info->end_code;
        info->end_data = info->end_code;
        info->brk = info->end_code;
    }

    if (qemu_log_enabled()) {
        load_symbols(ehdr, image_fd, load_bias);
    }

    mmap_unlock();

    close(image_fd);
    return;

 exit_read:
    if (retval >= 0) {
        errmsg = "Incomplete read of file header";
        goto exit_errmsg;
    }
 exit_perror:
    errmsg = strerror(errno);
 exit_errmsg:
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", image_name, errmsg);
    exit(-1);
}

static void load_elf_interp(const char *filename, struct image_info *info,
                            char bprm_buf[BPRM_BUF_SIZE])
{
    int fd, retval;

    fd = open(path(filename), O_RDONLY);
    if (fd < 0) {
        goto exit_perror;
    }

    retval = read(fd, bprm_buf, BPRM_BUF_SIZE);
    if (retval < 0) {
        goto exit_perror;
    }
    if (retval < BPRM_BUF_SIZE) {
        memset(bprm_buf + retval, 0, BPRM_BUF_SIZE - retval);
    }

    load_elf_image(filename, fd, info, NULL, bprm_buf);
    return;

 exit_perror:
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
    exit(-1);
}

static int symfind(const void *s0, const void *s1)
{
    target_ulong addr = *(target_ulong *)s0;
    struct elf_sym *sym = (struct elf_sym *)s1;
    int result = 0;
    if (addr < sym->st_value) {
        result = -1;
    } else if (addr >= sym->st_value + sym->st_size) {
        result = 1;
    }
    return result;
}

static const char *lookup_symbolxx(struct syminfo *s, target_ulong orig_addr)
{
#if ELF_CLASS == ELFCLASS32
    struct elf_sym *syms = s->disas_symtab.elf32;
#else
    struct elf_sym *syms = s->disas_symtab.elf64;
#endif

    // binary search
    struct elf_sym *sym;

    sym = bsearch(&orig_addr, syms, s->disas_num_syms, sizeof(*syms), symfind);
    if (sym != NULL) {
        return s->disas_strtab + sym->st_name;
    }

    return "";
}

/* FIXME: This should use elf_ops.h  */
static int symcmp(const void *s0, const void *s1)
{
    struct elf_sym *sym0 = (struct elf_sym *)s0;
    struct elf_sym *sym1 = (struct elf_sym *)s1;
    return (sym0->st_value < sym1->st_value)
        ? -1
        : ((sym0->st_value > sym1->st_value) ? 1 : 0);
}

/* Best attempt to load symbols from this ELF object. */
static void load_symbols(struct elfhdr *hdr, int fd, abi_ulong load_bias)
{
    int i, shnum, nsyms, sym_idx = 0, str_idx = 0;
    uint64_t segsz;
    struct elf_shdr *shdr;
    char *strings = NULL;
    struct syminfo *s = NULL;
    struct elf_sym *new_syms, *syms = NULL;

    shnum = hdr->e_shnum;
    i = shnum * sizeof(struct elf_shdr);
    shdr = (struct elf_shdr *)alloca(i);
    if (pread(fd, shdr, i, hdr->e_shoff) != i) {
        return;
    }

    bswap_shdr(shdr, shnum);
    for (i = 0; i < shnum; ++i) {
        if (shdr[i].sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB) {
            sym_idx = i;
            str_idx = shdr[i].sh_link;
            goto found;
        }
    }

    /* There will be no symbol table if the file was stripped.  */
    return;

 found:
    /* Now know where the strtab and symtab are.  Snarf them.  */
    s = g_try_new(struct syminfo, 1);
    if (!s) {
        goto give_up;
    }

    segsz = shdr[str_idx].sh_size;
    s->disas_strtab = strings = g_try_malloc(segsz);
    if (!strings ||
        pread(fd, strings, segsz, shdr[str_idx].sh_offset) != segsz) {
        goto give_up;
    }

    segsz = shdr[sym_idx].sh_size;
    syms = g_try_malloc(segsz);
    if (!syms || pread(fd, syms, segsz, shdr[sym_idx].sh_offset) != segsz) {
        goto give_up;
    }

    if (segsz / sizeof(struct elf_sym) > INT_MAX) {
        /* Implausibly large symbol table: give up rather than ploughing
         * on with the number of symbols calculation overflowing
         */
        goto give_up;
    }
    nsyms = segsz / sizeof(struct elf_sym);
    for (i = 0; i < nsyms; ) {
        bswap_sym(syms + i);
        /* Throw away entries which we do not need.  */
        if (syms[i].st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF
            || syms[i].st_shndx >= SHN_LORESERVE
            || ELF_ST_TYPE(syms[i].st_info) != STT_FUNC) {
            if (i < --nsyms) {
                syms[i] = syms[nsyms];
            }
        } else {
#if defined(TARGET_ARM) || defined (TARGET_MIPS)
            /* The bottom address bit marks a Thumb or MIPS16 symbol.  */
            syms[i].st_value &= ~(target_ulong)1;
#endif
            syms[i].st_value += load_bias;
            i++;
        }
    }

    /* No "useful" symbol.  */
    if (nsyms == 0) {
        goto give_up;
    }

    /* Attempt to free the storage associated with the local symbols
       that we threw away.  Whether or not this has any effect on the
       memory allocation depends on the malloc implementation and how
       many symbols we managed to discard.  */
    new_syms = g_try_renew(struct elf_sym, syms, nsyms);
    if (new_syms == NULL) {
        goto give_up;
    }
    syms = new_syms;

    qsort(syms, nsyms, sizeof(*syms), symcmp);

    s->disas_num_syms = nsyms;
#if ELF_CLASS == ELFCLASS32
    s->disas_symtab.elf32 = syms;
#else
    s->disas_symtab.elf64 = syms;
#endif
    s->lookup_symbol = lookup_symbolxx;
    s->next = syminfos;
    syminfos = s;

    return;

give_up:
    g_free(s);
    g_free(strings);
    g_free(syms);
}

uint32_t get_elf_eflags(int fd)
{
    struct elfhdr ehdr;
    off_t offset;
    int ret;

    /* Read ELF header */
    offset = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
    if (offset == (off_t) -1) {
        return 0;
    }
    ret = read(fd, &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr));
    if (ret < sizeof(ehdr)) {
        return 0;
    }
    offset = lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
    if (offset == (off_t) -1) {
        return 0;
    }

    /* Check ELF signature */
    if (!elf_check_ident(&ehdr)) {
        return 0;
    }

    /* check header */
    bswap_ehdr(&ehdr);
    if (!elf_check_ehdr(&ehdr)) {
        return 0;
    }

    /* return architecture id */
    return ehdr.e_flags;
}

int load_elf_binary(struct linux_binprm *bprm, struct image_info *info)
{
    struct image_info interp_info;
    struct elfhdr elf_ex;
    char *elf_interpreter = NULL;
    char *scratch;

    memset(&interp_info, 0, sizeof(interp_info));
#ifdef TARGET_MIPS
    interp_info.fp_abi = MIPS_ABI_FP_UNKNOWN;
#endif

    info->start_mmap = (abi_ulong)ELF_START_MMAP;

    load_elf_image(bprm->filename, bprm->fd, info,
                   &elf_interpreter, bprm->buf);

    /* ??? We need a copy of the elf header for passing to create_elf_tables.
       If we do nothing, we'll have overwritten this when we re-use bprm->buf
       when we load the interpreter.  */
    elf_ex = *(struct elfhdr *)bprm->buf;

    /* Do this so that we can load the interpreter, if need be.  We will
       change some of these later */
    bprm->p = setup_arg_pages(bprm, info);

    scratch = g_new0(char, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
    if (STACK_GROWS_DOWN) {
        bprm->p = copy_elf_strings(1, &bprm->filename, scratch,
                                   bprm->p, info->stack_limit);
        info->file_string = bprm->p;
        bprm->p = copy_elf_strings(bprm->envc, bprm->envp, scratch,
                                   bprm->p, info->stack_limit);
        info->env_strings = bprm->p;
        bprm->p = copy_elf_strings(bprm->argc, bprm->argv, scratch,
                                   bprm->p, info->stack_limit);
        info->arg_strings = bprm->p;
    } else {
        info->arg_strings = bprm->p;
        bprm->p = copy_elf_strings(bprm->argc, bprm->argv, scratch,
                                   bprm->p, info->stack_limit);
        info->env_strings = bprm->p;
        bprm->p = copy_elf_strings(bprm->envc, bprm->envp, scratch,
                                   bprm->p, info->stack_limit);
        info->file_string = bprm->p;
        bprm->p = copy_elf_strings(1, &bprm->filename, scratch,
                                   bprm->p, info->stack_limit);
    }

    g_free(scratch);

    if (!bprm->p) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", bprm->filename, strerror(E2BIG));
        exit(-1);
    }

    if (elf_interpreter) {
        load_elf_interp(elf_interpreter, &interp_info, bprm->buf);

        /* If the program interpreter is one of these two, then assume
           an iBCS2 image.  Otherwise assume a native linux image.  */

        if (strcmp(elf_interpreter, "/usr/lib/libc.so.1") == 0
            || strcmp(elf_interpreter, "/usr/lib/ld.so.1") == 0) {
            info->personality = PER_SVR4;

            /* Why this, you ask???  Well SVr4 maps page 0 as read-only,
               and some applications "depend" upon this behavior.  Since
               we do not have the power to recompile these, we emulate
               the SVr4 behavior.  Sigh.  */
            target_mmap(0, qemu_host_page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC,
                        MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
        }
#ifdef TARGET_MIPS
        info->interp_fp_abi = interp_info.fp_abi;
#endif
    }

    bprm->p = create_elf_tables(bprm->p, bprm->argc, bprm->envc, &elf_ex,
                                info, (elf_interpreter ? &interp_info : NULL));
    info->start_stack = bprm->p;

    /* If we have an interpreter, set that as the program's entry point.
       Copy the load_bias as well, to help PPC64 interpret the entry
       point as a function descriptor.  Do this after creating elf tables
       so that we copy the original program entry point into the AUXV.  */
    if (elf_interpreter) {
        info->load_bias = interp_info.load_bias;
        info->entry = interp_info.entry;
        free(elf_interpreter);
    }

#ifdef USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
    bprm->core_dump = &elf_core_dump;
#endif

    /*
     * If we reserved extra space for brk, release it now.
     * The implementation of do_brk in syscalls.c expects to be able
     * to mmap pages in this space.
     */
    if (info->reserve_brk) {
        abi_ulong start_brk = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(info->brk);
        abi_ulong end_brk = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(info->brk + info->reserve_brk);
        target_munmap(start_brk, end_brk - start_brk);
    }

    return 0;
}

#ifdef USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
/*
 * Definitions to generate Intel SVR4-like core files.
 * These mostly have the same names as the SVR4 types with "target_elf_"
 * tacked on the front to prevent clashes with linux definitions,
 * and the typedef forms have been avoided.  This is mostly like
 * the SVR4 structure, but more Linuxy, with things that Linux does
 * not support and which gdb doesn't really use excluded.
 *
 * Fields we don't dump (their contents is zero) in linux-user qemu
 * are marked with XXX.
 *
 * Core dump code is copied from linux kernel (fs/binfmt_elf.c).
 *
 * Porting ELF coredump for target is (quite) simple process.  First you
 * define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP in target ELF code (where init_thread() for
 * the target resides):
 *
 * #define USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP
 *
 * Next you define type of register set used for dumping.  ELF specification
 * says that it needs to be array of elf_greg_t that has size of ELF_NREG.
 *
 * typedef <target_regtype> target_elf_greg_t;
 * #define ELF_NREG <number of registers>
 * typedef taret_elf_greg_t target_elf_gregset_t[ELF_NREG];
 *
 * Last step is to implement target specific function that copies registers
 * from given cpu into just specified register set.  Prototype is:
 *
 * static void elf_core_copy_regs(taret_elf_gregset_t *regs,
 *                                const CPUArchState *env);
 *
 * Parameters:
 *     regs - copy register values into here (allocated and zeroed by caller)
 *     env - copy registers from here
 *
 * Example for ARM target is provided in this file.
 */

/* An ELF note in memory */
struct memelfnote {
    const char *name;
    size_t     namesz;
    size_t     namesz_rounded;
    int        type;
    size_t     datasz;
    size_t     datasz_rounded;
    void       *data;
    size_t     notesz;
};

struct target_elf_siginfo {
    abi_int    si_signo; /* signal number */
    abi_int    si_code;  /* extra code */
    abi_int    si_errno; /* errno */
};

struct target_elf_prstatus {
    struct target_elf_siginfo pr_info;      /* Info associated with signal */
    abi_short          pr_cursig;    /* Current signal */
    abi_ulong          pr_sigpend;   /* XXX */
    abi_ulong          pr_sighold;   /* XXX */
    target_pid_t       pr_pid;
    target_pid_t       pr_ppid;
    target_pid_t       pr_pgrp;
    target_pid_t       pr_sid;
    struct target_timeval pr_utime;  /* XXX User time */
    struct target_timeval pr_stime;  /* XXX System time */
    struct target_timeval pr_cutime; /* XXX Cumulative user time */
    struct target_timeval pr_cstime; /* XXX Cumulative system time */
    target_elf_gregset_t      pr_reg;       /* GP registers */
    abi_int            pr_fpvalid;   /* XXX */
};

#define ELF_PRARGSZ     (80) /* Number of chars for args */

struct target_elf_prpsinfo {
    char         pr_state;       /* numeric process state */
    char         pr_sname;       /* char for pr_state */
    char         pr_zomb;        /* zombie */
    char         pr_nice;        /* nice val */
    abi_ulong    pr_flag;        /* flags */
    target_uid_t pr_uid;
    target_gid_t pr_gid;
    target_pid_t pr_pid, pr_ppid, pr_pgrp, pr_sid;
    /* Lots missing */
    char    pr_fname[16] QEMU_NONSTRING; /* filename of executable */
    char    pr_psargs[ELF_PRARGSZ]; /* initial part of arg list */
};

/* Here is the structure in which status of each thread is captured. */
struct elf_thread_status {
    QTAILQ_ENTRY(elf_thread_status)  ets_link;
    struct target_elf_prstatus prstatus;   /* NT_PRSTATUS */
#if 0
    elf_fpregset_t fpu;             /* NT_PRFPREG */
    struct task_struct *thread;
    elf_fpxregset_t xfpu;           /* ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE */
#endif
    struct memelfnote notes[1];
    int num_notes;
};

struct elf_note_info {
    struct memelfnote   *notes;
    struct target_elf_prstatus *prstatus;  /* NT_PRSTATUS */
    struct target_elf_prpsinfo *psinfo;    /* NT_PRPSINFO */

    QTAILQ_HEAD(, elf_thread_status) thread_list;
#if 0
    /*
     * Current version of ELF coredump doesn't support
     * dumping fp regs etc.
     */
    elf_fpregset_t *fpu;
    elf_fpxregset_t *xfpu;
    int thread_status_size;
#endif
    int notes_size;
    int numnote;
};

struct vm_area_struct {
    target_ulong   vma_start;  /* start vaddr of memory region */
    target_ulong   vma_end;    /* end vaddr of memory region */
    abi_ulong      vma_flags;  /* protection etc. flags for the region */
    QTAILQ_ENTRY(vm_area_struct) vma_link;
};

struct mm_struct {
    QTAILQ_HEAD(, vm_area_struct) mm_mmap;
    int mm_count;           /* number of mappings */
};

static struct mm_struct *vma_init(void);
static void vma_delete(struct mm_struct *);
static int vma_add_mapping(struct mm_struct *, target_ulong,
                           target_ulong, abi_ulong);
static int vma_get_mapping_count(const struct mm_struct *);
static struct vm_area_struct *vma_first(const struct mm_struct *);
static struct vm_area_struct *vma_next(struct vm_area_struct *);
static abi_ulong vma_dump_size(const struct vm_area_struct *);
static int vma_walker(void *priv, target_ulong start, target_ulong end,
                      unsigned long flags);

static void fill_elf_header(struct elfhdr *, int, uint16_t, uint32_t);
static void fill_note(struct memelfnote *, const char *, int,
                      unsigned int, void *);
static void fill_prstatus(struct target_elf_prstatus *, const TaskState *, int);
static int fill_psinfo(struct target_elf_prpsinfo *, const TaskState *);
static void fill_auxv_note(struct memelfnote *, const TaskState *);
static void fill_elf_note_phdr(struct elf_phdr *, int, off_t);
static size_t note_size(const struct memelfnote *);
static void free_note_info(struct elf_note_info *);
static int fill_note_info(struct elf_note_info *, long, const CPUArchState *);
static void fill_thread_info(struct elf_note_info *, const CPUArchState *);
static int core_dump_filename(const TaskState *, char *, size_t);

static int dump_write(int, const void *, size_t);
static int write_note(struct memelfnote *, int);
static int write_note_info(struct elf_note_info *, int);

#ifdef BSWAP_NEEDED
static void bswap_prstatus(struct target_elf_prstatus *prstatus)
{
    prstatus->pr_info.si_signo = tswap32(prstatus->pr_info.si_signo);
    prstatus->pr_info.si_code = tswap32(prstatus->pr_info.si_code);
    prstatus->pr_info.si_errno = tswap32(prstatus->pr_info.si_errno);
    prstatus->pr_cursig = tswap16(prstatus->pr_cursig);
    prstatus->pr_sigpend = tswapal(prstatus->pr_sigpend);
    prstatus->pr_sighold = tswapal(prstatus->pr_sighold);
    prstatus->pr_pid = tswap32(prstatus->pr_pid);
    prstatus->pr_ppid = tswap32(prstatus->pr_ppid);
    prstatus->pr_pgrp = tswap32(prstatus->pr_pgrp);
    prstatus->pr_sid = tswap32(prstatus->pr_sid);
    /* cpu times are not filled, so we skip them */
    /* regs should be in correct format already */
    prstatus->pr_fpvalid = tswap32(prstatus->pr_fpvalid);
}

static void bswap_psinfo(struct target_elf_prpsinfo *psinfo)
{
    psinfo->pr_flag = tswapal(psinfo->pr_flag);
    psinfo->pr_uid = tswap16(psinfo->pr_uid);
    psinfo->pr_gid = tswap16(psinfo->pr_gid);
    psinfo->pr_pid = tswap32(psinfo->pr_pid);
    psinfo->pr_ppid = tswap32(psinfo->pr_ppid);
    psinfo->pr_pgrp = tswap32(psinfo->pr_pgrp);
    psinfo->pr_sid = tswap32(psinfo->pr_sid);
}

static void bswap_note(struct elf_note *en)
{
    bswap32s(&en->n_namesz);
    bswap32s(&en->n_descsz);
    bswap32s(&en->n_type);
}
#else
static inline void bswap_prstatus(struct target_elf_prstatus *p) { }
static inline void bswap_psinfo(struct target_elf_prpsinfo *p) {}
static inline void bswap_note(struct elf_note *en) { }
#endif /* BSWAP_NEEDED */

/*
 * Minimal support for linux memory regions.  These are needed
 * when we are finding out what memory exactly belongs to
 * emulated process.  No locks needed here, as long as
 * thread that received the signal is stopped.
 */

static struct mm_struct *vma_init(void)
{
    struct mm_struct *mm;

    if ((mm = g_malloc(sizeof (*mm))) == NULL)
        return (NULL);

    mm->mm_count = 0;
    QTAILQ_INIT(&mm->mm_mmap);

    return (mm);
}

static void vma_delete(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
    struct vm_area_struct *vma;

    while ((vma = vma_first(mm)) != NULL) {
        QTAILQ_REMOVE(&mm->mm_mmap, vma, vma_link);
        g_free(vma);
    }
    g_free(mm);
}

static int vma_add_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm, target_ulong start,
                           target_ulong end, abi_ulong flags)
{
    struct vm_area_struct *vma;

    if ((vma = g_malloc0(sizeof (*vma))) == NULL)
        return (-1);

    vma->vma_start = start;
    vma->vma_end = end;
    vma->vma_flags = flags;

    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mm->mm_mmap, vma, vma_link);
    mm->mm_count++;

    return (0);
}

static struct vm_area_struct *vma_first(const struct mm_struct *mm)
{
    return (QTAILQ_FIRST(&mm->mm_mmap));
}

static struct vm_area_struct *vma_next(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
    return (QTAILQ_NEXT(vma, vma_link));
}

static int vma_get_mapping_count(const struct mm_struct *mm)
{
    return (mm->mm_count);
}

/*
 * Calculate file (dump) size of given memory region.
 */
static abi_ulong vma_dump_size(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
    /* if we cannot even read the first page, skip it */
    if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ, vma->vma_start, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE))
        return (0);

    /*
     * Usually we don't dump executable pages as they contain
     * non-writable code that debugger can read directly from
     * target library etc.  However, thread stacks are marked
     * also executable so we read in first page of given region
     * and check whether it contains elf header.  If there is
     * no elf header, we dump it.
     */
    if (vma->vma_flags & PROT_EXEC) {
        char page[TARGET_PAGE_SIZE];

        copy_from_user(page, vma->vma_start, sizeof (page));
        if ((page[EI_MAG0] == ELFMAG0) &&
            (page[EI_MAG1] == ELFMAG1) &&
            (page[EI_MAG2] == ELFMAG2) &&
            (page[EI_MAG3] == ELFMAG3)) {
            /*
             * Mappings are possibly from ELF binary.  Don't dump
             * them.
             */
            return (0);
        }
    }

    return (vma->vma_end - vma->vma_start);
}

static int vma_walker(void *priv, target_ulong start, target_ulong end,
                      unsigned long flags)
{
    struct mm_struct *mm = (struct mm_struct *)priv;

    vma_add_mapping(mm, start, end, flags);
    return (0);
}

static void fill_note(struct memelfnote *note, const char *name, int type,
                      unsigned int sz, void *data)
{
    unsigned int namesz;

    namesz = strlen(name) + 1;
    note->name = name;
    note->namesz = namesz;
    note->namesz_rounded = roundup(namesz, sizeof (int32_t));
    note->type = type;
    note->datasz = sz;
    note->datasz_rounded = roundup(sz, sizeof (int32_t));

    note->data = data;

    /*
     * We calculate rounded up note size here as specified by
     * ELF document.
     */
    note->notesz = sizeof (struct elf_note) +
        note->namesz_rounded + note->datasz_rounded;
}

static void fill_elf_header(struct elfhdr *elf, int segs, uint16_t machine,
                            uint32_t flags)
{
    (void) memset(elf, 0, sizeof(*elf));

    (void) memcpy(elf->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
    elf->e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELF_CLASS;
    elf->e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELF_DATA;
    elf->e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
    elf->e_ident[EI_OSABI] = ELF_OSABI;

    elf->e_type = ET_CORE;
    elf->e_machine = machine;
    elf->e_version = EV_CURRENT;
    elf->e_phoff = sizeof(struct elfhdr);
    elf->e_flags = flags;
    elf->e_ehsize = sizeof(struct elfhdr);
    elf->e_phentsize = sizeof(struct elf_phdr);
    elf->e_phnum = segs;

    bswap_ehdr(elf);
}

static void fill_elf_note_phdr(struct elf_phdr *phdr, int sz, off_t offset)
{
    phdr->p_type = PT_NOTE;
    phdr->p_offset = offset;
    phdr->p_vaddr = 0;
    phdr->p_paddr = 0;
    phdr->p_filesz = sz;
    phdr->p_memsz = 0;
    phdr->p_flags = 0;
    phdr->p_align = 0;

    bswap_phdr(phdr, 1);
}

static size_t note_size(const struct memelfnote *note)
{
    return (note->notesz);
}

static void fill_prstatus(struct target_elf_prstatus *prstatus,
                          const TaskState *ts, int signr)
{
    (void) memset(prstatus, 0, sizeof (*prstatus));
    prstatus->pr_info.si_signo = prstatus->pr_cursig = signr;
    prstatus->pr_pid = ts->ts_tid;
    prstatus->pr_ppid = getppid();
    prstatus->pr_pgrp = getpgrp();
    prstatus->pr_sid = getsid(0);

    bswap_prstatus(prstatus);
}

static int fill_psinfo(struct target_elf_prpsinfo *psinfo, const TaskState *ts)
{
    char *base_filename;
    unsigned int i, len;

    (void) memset(psinfo, 0, sizeof (*psinfo));

    len = ts->info->arg_end - ts->info->arg_start;
    if (len >= ELF_PRARGSZ)
        len = ELF_PRARGSZ - 1;
    if (copy_from_user(&psinfo->pr_psargs, ts->info->arg_start, len))
        return -EFAULT;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
        if (psinfo->pr_psargs[i] == 0)
            psinfo->pr_psargs[i] = ' ';
    psinfo->pr_psargs[len] = 0;

    psinfo->pr_pid = getpid();
    psinfo->pr_ppid = getppid();
    psinfo->pr_pgrp = getpgrp();
    psinfo->pr_sid = getsid(0);
    psinfo->pr_uid = getuid();
    psinfo->pr_gid = getgid();

    base_filename = g_path_get_basename(ts->bprm->filename);
    /*
     * Using strncpy here is fine: at max-length,
     * this field is not NUL-terminated.
     */
    (void) strncpy(psinfo->pr_fname, base_filename,
                   sizeof(psinfo->pr_fname));

    g_free(base_filename);
    bswap_psinfo(psinfo);
    return (0);
}

static void fill_auxv_note(struct memelfnote *note, const TaskState *ts)
{
    elf_addr_t auxv = (elf_addr_t)ts->info->saved_auxv;
    elf_addr_t orig_auxv = auxv;
    void *ptr;
    int len = ts->info->auxv_len;

    /*
     * Auxiliary vector is stored in target process stack.  It contains
     * {type, value} pairs that we need to dump into note.  This is not
     * strictly necessary but we do it here for sake of completeness.
     */

    /* read in whole auxv vector and copy it to memelfnote */
    ptr = lock_user(VERIFY_READ, orig_auxv, len, 0);
    if (ptr != NULL) {
        fill_note(note, "CORE", NT_AUXV, len, ptr);
        unlock_user(ptr, auxv, len);
    }
}

/*
 * Constructs name of coredump file.  We have following convention
 * for the name:
 *     qemu_<basename-of-target-binary>_<date>-<time>_<pid>.core
 *
 * Returns 0 in case of success, -1 otherwise (errno is set).
 */
static int core_dump_filename(const TaskState *ts, char *buf,
                              size_t bufsize)
{
    char timestamp[64];
    char *base_filename = NULL;
    struct timeval tv;
    struct tm tm;

    assert(bufsize >= PATH_MAX);

    if (gettimeofday(&tv, NULL) < 0) {
        (void) fprintf(stderr, "unable to get current timestamp: %s",
                       strerror(errno));
        return (-1);
    }

    base_filename = g_path_get_basename(ts->bprm->filename);
    (void) strftime(timestamp, sizeof (timestamp), "%Y%m%d-%H%M%S",
                    localtime_r(&tv.tv_sec, &tm));
    (void) snprintf(buf, bufsize, "qemu_%s_%s_%d.core",
                    base_filename, timestamp, (int)getpid());
    g_free(base_filename);

    return (0);
}

static int dump_write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t size)
{
    const char *bufp = (const char *)ptr;
    ssize_t bytes_written, bytes_left;
    struct rlimit dumpsize;
    off_t pos;

    bytes_written = 0;
    getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &dumpsize);
    if ((pos = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR))==-1) {
        if (errno == ESPIPE) { /* not a seekable stream */
            bytes_left = size;
        } else {
            return pos;
        }
    } else {
        if (dumpsize.rlim_cur <= pos) {
            return -1;
        } else if (dumpsize.rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY) {
            bytes_left = size;
        } else {
            size_t limit_left=dumpsize.rlim_cur - pos;
            bytes_left = limit_left >= size ? size : limit_left ;
        }
    }

    /*
     * In normal conditions, single write(2) should do but
     * in case of socket etc. this mechanism is more portable.
     */
    do {
        bytes_written = write(fd, bufp, bytes_left);
        if (bytes_written < 0) {
            if (errno == EINTR)
                continue;
            return (-1);
        } else if (bytes_written == 0) { /* eof */
            return (-1);
        }
        bufp += bytes_written;
        bytes_left -= bytes_written;
    } while (bytes_left > 0);

    return (0);
}

static int write_note(struct memelfnote *men, int fd)
{
    struct elf_note en;

    en.n_namesz = men->namesz;
    en.n_type = men->type;
    en.n_descsz = men->datasz;

    bswap_note(&en);

    if (dump_write(fd, &en, sizeof(en)) != 0)
        return (-1);
    if (dump_write(fd, men->name, men->namesz_rounded) != 0)
        return (-1);
    if (dump_write(fd, men->data, men->datasz_rounded) != 0)
        return (-1);

    return (0);
}

static void fill_thread_info(struct elf_note_info *info, const CPUArchState *env)
{
    CPUState *cpu = env_cpu((CPUArchState *)env);
    TaskState *ts = (TaskState *)cpu->opaque;
    struct elf_thread_status *ets;

    ets = g_malloc0(sizeof (*ets));
    ets->num_notes = 1; /* only prstatus is dumped */
    fill_prstatus(&ets->prstatus, ts, 0);
    elf_core_copy_regs(&ets->prstatus.pr_reg, env);
    fill_note(&ets->notes[0], "CORE", NT_PRSTATUS, sizeof (ets->prstatus),
              &ets->prstatus);

    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&info->thread_list, ets, ets_link);

    info->notes_size += note_size(&ets->notes[0]);
}

static void init_note_info(struct elf_note_info *info)
{
    /* Initialize the elf_note_info structure so that it is at
     * least safe to call free_note_info() on it. Must be
     * called before calling fill_note_info().
     */
    memset(info, 0, sizeof (*info));
    QTAILQ_INIT(&info->thread_list);
}

static int fill_note_info(struct elf_note_info *info,
                          long signr, const CPUArchState *env)
{
#define NUMNOTES 3
    CPUState *cpu = env_cpu((CPUArchState *)env);
    TaskState *ts = (TaskState *)cpu->opaque;
    int i;

    info->notes = g_new0(struct memelfnote, NUMNOTES);
    if (info->notes == NULL)
        return (-ENOMEM);
    info->prstatus = g_malloc0(sizeof (*info->prstatus));
    if (info->prstatus == NULL)
        return (-ENOMEM);
    info->psinfo = g_malloc0(sizeof (*info->psinfo));
    if (info->prstatus == NULL)
        return (-ENOMEM);

    /*
     * First fill in status (and registers) of current thread
     * including process info & aux vector.
     */
    fill_prstatus(info->prstatus, ts, signr);
    elf_core_copy_regs(&info->prstatus->pr_reg, env);
    fill_note(&info->notes[0], "CORE", NT_PRSTATUS,
              sizeof (*info->prstatus), info->prstatus);
    fill_psinfo(info->psinfo, ts);
    fill_note(&info->notes[1], "CORE", NT_PRPSINFO,
              sizeof (*info->psinfo), info->psinfo);
    fill_auxv_note(&info->notes[2], ts);
    info->numnote = 3;

    info->notes_size = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < info->numnote; i++)
        info->notes_size += note_size(&info->notes[i]);

    /* read and fill status of all threads */
    cpu_list_lock();
    CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
        if (cpu == thread_cpu) {
            continue;
        }
        fill_thread_info(info, (CPUArchState *)cpu->env_ptr);
    }
    cpu_list_unlock();

    return (0);
}

static void free_note_info(struct elf_note_info *info)
{
    struct elf_thread_status *ets;

    while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&info->thread_list)) {
        ets = QTAILQ_FIRST(&info->thread_list);
        QTAILQ_REMOVE(&info->thread_list, ets, ets_link);
        g_free(ets);
    }

    g_free(info->prstatus);
    g_free(info->psinfo);
    g_free(info->notes);
}

static int write_note_info(struct elf_note_info *info, int fd)
{
    struct elf_thread_status *ets;
    int i, error = 0;

    /* write prstatus, psinfo and auxv for current thread */
    for (i = 0; i < info->numnote; i++)
        if ((error = write_note(&info->notes[i], fd)) != 0)
            return (error);

    /* write prstatus for each thread */
    QTAILQ_FOREACH(ets, &info->thread_list, ets_link) {
        if ((error = write_note(&ets->notes[0], fd)) != 0)
            return (error);
    }

    return (0);
}

/*
 * Write out ELF coredump.
 *
 * See documentation of ELF object file format in:
 * http://www.caldera.com/developers/devspecs/gabi41.pdf
 *
 * Coredump format in linux is following:
 *
 * 0   +----------------------+         \
 *     | ELF header           | ET_CORE  |
 *     +----------------------+          |
 *     | ELF program headers  |          |--- headers
 *     | - NOTE section       |          |
 *     | - PT_LOAD sections   |          |
 *     +----------------------+         /
 *     | NOTEs:               |
 *     | - NT_PRSTATUS        |
 *     | - NT_PRSINFO         |
 *     | - NT_AUXV            |
 *     +----------------------+ <-- aligned to target page
 *     | Process memory dump  |
 *     :                      :
 *     .                      .
 *     :                      :
 *     |                      |
 *     +----------------------+
 *
 * NT_PRSTATUS -> struct elf_prstatus (per thread)
 * NT_PRSINFO  -> struct elf_prpsinfo
 * NT_AUXV is array of { type, value } pairs (see fill_auxv_note()).
 *
 * Format follows System V format as close as possible.  Current
 * version limitations are as follows:
 *     - no floating point registers are dumped
 *
 * Function returns 0 in case of success, negative errno otherwise.
 *
 * TODO: make this work also during runtime: it should be
 * possible to force coredump from running process and then
 * continue processing.  For example qemu could set up SIGUSR2
 * handler (provided that target process haven't registered
 * handler for that) that does the dump when signal is received.
 */
static int elf_core_dump(int signr, const CPUArchState *env)
{
    const CPUState *cpu = env_cpu((CPUArchState *)env);
    const TaskState *ts = (const TaskState *)cpu->opaque;
    struct vm_area_struct *vma = NULL;
    char corefile[PATH_MAX];
    struct elf_note_info info;
    struct elfhdr elf;
    struct elf_phdr phdr;
    struct rlimit dumpsize;
    struct mm_struct *mm = NULL;
    off_t offset = 0, data_offset = 0;
    int segs = 0;
    int fd = -1;

    init_note_info(&info);

    errno = 0;
    getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &dumpsize);
    if (dumpsize.rlim_cur == 0)
        return 0;

    if (core_dump_filename(ts, corefile, sizeof (corefile)) < 0)
        return (-errno);

    if ((fd = open(corefile, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT,
                   S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH)) < 0)
        return (-errno);

    /*
     * Walk through target process memory mappings and
     * set up structure containing this information.  After
     * this point vma_xxx functions can be used.
     */
    if ((mm = vma_init()) == NULL)
        goto out;

    walk_memory_regions(mm, vma_walker);
    segs = vma_get_mapping_count(mm);

    /*
     * Construct valid coredump ELF header.  We also
     * add one more segment for notes.
     */
    fill_elf_header(&elf, segs + 1, ELF_MACHINE, 0);
    if (dump_write(fd, &elf, sizeof (elf)) != 0)
        goto out;

    /* fill in the in-memory version of notes */
    if (fill_note_info(&info, signr, env) < 0)
        goto out;

    offset += sizeof (elf);                             /* elf header */
    offset += (segs + 1) * sizeof (struct elf_phdr);    /* program headers */

    /* write out notes program header */
    fill_elf_note_phdr(&phdr, info.notes_size, offset);

    offset += info.notes_size;
    if (dump_write(fd, &phdr, sizeof (phdr)) != 0)
        goto out;

    /*
     * ELF specification wants data to start at page boundary so
     * we align it here.
     */
    data_offset = offset = roundup(offset, ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE);

    /*
     * Write program headers for memory regions mapped in
     * the target process.
     */
    for (vma = vma_first(mm); vma != NULL; vma = vma_next(vma)) {
        (void) memset(&phdr, 0, sizeof (phdr));

        phdr.p_type = PT_LOAD;
        phdr.p_offset = offset;
        phdr.p_vaddr = vma->vma_start;
        phdr.p_paddr = 0;
        phdr.p_filesz = vma_dump_size(vma);
        offset += phdr.p_filesz;
        phdr.p_memsz = vma->vma_end - vma->vma_start;
        phdr.p_flags = vma->vma_flags & PROT_READ ? PF_R : 0;
        if (vma->vma_flags & PROT_WRITE)
            phdr.p_flags |= PF_W;
        if (vma->vma_flags & PROT_EXEC)
            phdr.p_flags |= PF_X;
        phdr.p_align = ELF_EXEC_PAGESIZE;

        bswap_phdr(&phdr, 1);
        if (dump_write(fd, &phdr, sizeof(phdr)) != 0) {
            goto out;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Next we write notes just after program headers.  No
     * alignment needed here.
     */
    if (write_note_info(&info, fd) < 0)
        goto out;

    /* align data to page boundary */
    if (lseek(fd, data_offset, SEEK_SET) != data_offset)
        goto out;

    /*
     * Finally we can dump process memory into corefile as well.
     */
    for (vma = vma_first(mm); vma != NULL; vma = vma_next(vma)) {
        abi_ulong addr;
        abi_ulong end;

        end = vma->vma_start + vma_dump_size(vma);

        for (addr = vma->vma_start; addr < end;
             addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
            char page[TARGET_PAGE_SIZE];
            int error;

            /*
             *  Read in page from target process memory and
             *  write it to coredump file.
             */
            error = copy_from_user(page, addr, sizeof (page));
            if (error != 0) {
                (void) fprintf(stderr, "unable to dump " TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx "\n",
                               addr);
                errno = -error;
                goto out;
            }
            if (dump_write(fd, page, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) < 0)
                goto out;
        }
    }

 out:
    free_note_info(&info);
    if (mm != NULL)
        vma_delete(mm);
    (void) close(fd);

    if (errno != 0)
        return (-errno);
    return (0);
}
#endif /* USE_ELF_CORE_DUMP */

void do_init_thread(struct target_pt_regs *regs, struct image_info *infop)
{
    init_thread(regs, infop);
}