aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/hw/char/stm32l4x5_usart.c
blob: 2627aab8324f0b328176e9c1428f3bddcf07d263 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
/*
 * STM32L4X5 USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Arnaud Minier <arnaud.minier@telecom-paris.fr>
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Inès Varhol <ines.varhol@telecom-paris.fr>
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 *
 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
 * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
 *
 * The STM32L4X5 USART is heavily inspired by the stm32f2xx_usart
 * by Alistair Francis.
 * The reference used is the STMicroElectronics RM0351 Reference manual
 * for STM32L4x5 and STM32L4x6 advanced Arm ® -based 32-bit MCUs.
 */

#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qemu/log.h"
#include "qemu/module.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "chardev/char-fe.h"
#include "chardev/char-serial.h"
#include "migration/vmstate.h"
#include "hw/char/stm32l4x5_usart.h"
#include "hw/clock.h"
#include "hw/irq.h"
#include "hw/qdev-clock.h"
#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
#include "hw/qdev-properties-system.h"
#include "hw/registerfields.h"
#include "trace.h"


REG32(CR1, 0x00)
    FIELD(CR1, M1, 28, 1)    /* Word length (part 2, see M0) */
    FIELD(CR1, EOBIE, 27, 1) /* End of Block interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, RTOIE, 26, 1) /* Receiver timeout interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, DEAT, 21, 5)  /* Driver Enable assertion time */
    FIELD(CR1, DEDT, 16, 5)  /* Driver Enable de-assertion time */
    FIELD(CR1, OVER8, 15, 1) /* Oversampling mode */
    FIELD(CR1, CMIE, 14, 1)  /* Character match interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, MME, 13, 1)   /* Mute mode enable */
    FIELD(CR1, M0, 12, 1)    /* Word length (part 1, see M1) */
    FIELD(CR1, WAKE, 11, 1)  /* Receiver wakeup method */
    FIELD(CR1, PCE, 10, 1)   /* Parity control enable */
    FIELD(CR1, PS, 9, 1)     /* Parity selection */
    FIELD(CR1, PEIE, 8, 1)   /* PE interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, TXEIE, 7, 1)  /* TXE interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, TCIE, 6, 1)   /* Transmission complete interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, RXNEIE, 5, 1) /* RXNE interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, IDLEIE, 4, 1) /* IDLE interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR1, TE, 3, 1)     /* Transmitter enable */
    FIELD(CR1, RE, 2, 1)     /* Receiver enable */
    FIELD(CR1, UESM, 1, 1)   /* USART enable in Stop mode */
    FIELD(CR1, UE, 0, 1)     /* USART enable */
REG32(CR2, 0x04)
    FIELD(CR2, ADD_1, 28, 4)    /* ADD[7:4] */
    FIELD(CR2, ADD_0, 24, 1)    /* ADD[3:0] */
    FIELD(CR2, RTOEN, 23, 1)    /* Receiver timeout enable */
    FIELD(CR2, ABRMOD, 21, 2)   /* Auto baud rate mode */
    FIELD(CR2, ABREN, 20, 1)    /* Auto baud rate enable */
    FIELD(CR2, MSBFIRST, 19, 1) /* Most significant bit first */
    FIELD(CR2, DATAINV, 18, 1)  /* Binary data inversion */
    FIELD(CR2, TXINV, 17, 1)    /* TX pin active level inversion */
    FIELD(CR2, RXINV, 16, 1)    /* RX pin active level inversion */
    FIELD(CR2, SWAP, 15, 1)     /* Swap RX/TX pins */
    FIELD(CR2, LINEN, 14, 1)    /* LIN mode enable */
    FIELD(CR2, STOP, 12, 2)     /* STOP bits */
    FIELD(CR2, CLKEN, 11, 1)    /* Clock enable */
    FIELD(CR2, CPOL, 10, 1)     /* Clock polarity */
    FIELD(CR2, CPHA, 9, 1)      /* Clock phase */
    FIELD(CR2, LBCL, 8, 1)      /* Last bit clock pulse */
    FIELD(CR2, LBDIE, 6, 1)     /* LIN break detection interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR2, LBDL, 5, 1)      /* LIN break detection length */
    FIELD(CR2, ADDM7, 4, 1)     /* 7-bit / 4-bit Address Detection */

REG32(CR3, 0x08)
    /* TCBGTIE only on STM32L496xx/4A6xx devices */
    FIELD(CR3, UCESM, 23, 1)   /* USART Clock Enable in Stop Mode */
    FIELD(CR3, WUFIE, 22, 1)   /* Wakeup from Stop mode interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR3, WUS, 20, 2)     /* Wakeup from Stop mode interrupt flag selection */
    FIELD(CR3, SCARCNT, 17, 3) /* Smartcard auto-retry count */
    FIELD(CR3, DEP, 15, 1)     /* Driver enable polarity selection */
    FIELD(CR3, DEM, 14, 1)     /* Driver enable mode */
    FIELD(CR3, DDRE, 13, 1)    /* DMA Disable on Reception Error */
    FIELD(CR3, OVRDIS, 12, 1)  /* Overrun Disable */
    FIELD(CR3, ONEBIT, 11, 1)  /* One sample bit method enable */
    FIELD(CR3, CTSIE, 10, 1)   /* CTS interrupt enable */
    FIELD(CR3, CTSE, 9, 1)     /* CTS enable */
    FIELD(CR3, RTSE, 8, 1)     /* RTS enable */
    FIELD(CR3, DMAT, 7, 1)     /* DMA enable transmitter */
    FIELD(CR3, DMAR, 6, 1)     /* DMA enable receiver */
    FIELD(CR3, SCEN, 5, 1)     /* Smartcard mode enable */
    FIELD(CR3, NACK, 4, 1)     /* Smartcard NACK enable */
    FIELD(CR3, HDSEL, 3, 1)    /* Half-duplex selection */
    FIELD(CR3, IRLP, 2, 1)     /* IrDA low-power */
    FIELD(CR3, IREN, 1, 1)     /* IrDA mode enable */
    FIELD(CR3, EIE, 0, 1)      /* Error interrupt enable */
REG32(BRR, 0x0C)
    FIELD(BRR, BRR, 0, 16)
REG32(GTPR, 0x10)
    FIELD(GTPR, GT, 8, 8)  /* Guard time value */
    FIELD(GTPR, PSC, 0, 8) /* Prescaler value */
REG32(RTOR, 0x14)
    FIELD(RTOR, BLEN, 24, 8) /* Block Length */
    FIELD(RTOR, RTO, 0, 24)  /* Receiver timeout value */
REG32(RQR, 0x18)
    FIELD(RQR, TXFRQ, 4, 1)  /* Transmit data flush request */
    FIELD(RQR, RXFRQ, 3, 1)  /* Receive data flush request */
    FIELD(RQR, MMRQ, 2, 1)   /* Mute mode request */
    FIELD(RQR, SBKRQ, 1, 1)  /* Send break request */
    FIELD(RQR, ABBRRQ, 0, 1) /* Auto baud rate request */
REG32(ISR, 0x1C)
    /* TCBGT only for STM32L475xx/476xx/486xx devices */
    FIELD(ISR, REACK, 22, 1) /* Receive enable acknowledge flag */
    FIELD(ISR, TEACK, 21, 1) /* Transmit enable acknowledge flag */
    FIELD(ISR, WUF, 20, 1)   /* Wakeup from Stop mode flag */
    FIELD(ISR, RWU, 19, 1)   /* Receiver wakeup from Mute mode */
    FIELD(ISR, SBKF, 18, 1)  /* Send break flag */
    FIELD(ISR, CMF, 17, 1)   /* Character match flag */
    FIELD(ISR, BUSY, 16, 1)  /* Busy flag */
    FIELD(ISR, ABRF, 15, 1)  /* Auto Baud rate flag */
    FIELD(ISR, ABRE, 14, 1)  /* Auto Baud rate error */
    FIELD(ISR, EOBF, 12, 1)  /* End of block flag */
    FIELD(ISR, RTOF, 11, 1)  /* Receiver timeout */
    FIELD(ISR, CTS, 10, 1)   /* CTS flag */
    FIELD(ISR, CTSIF, 9, 1)  /* CTS interrupt flag */
    FIELD(ISR, LBDF, 8, 1)   /* LIN break detection flag */
    FIELD(ISR, TXE, 7, 1)    /* Transmit data register empty */
    FIELD(ISR, TC, 6, 1)     /* Transmission complete */
    FIELD(ISR, RXNE, 5, 1)   /* Read data register not empty */
    FIELD(ISR, IDLE, 4, 1)   /* Idle line detected */
    FIELD(ISR, ORE, 3, 1)    /* Overrun error */
    FIELD(ISR, NF, 2, 1)     /* START bit Noise detection flag */
    FIELD(ISR, FE, 1, 1)     /* Framing Error */
    FIELD(ISR, PE, 0, 1)     /* Parity Error */
REG32(ICR, 0x20)
    FIELD(ICR, WUCF, 20, 1)   /* Wakeup from Stop mode clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, CMCF, 17, 1)   /* Character match clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, EOBCF, 12, 1)  /* End of block clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, RTOCF, 11, 1)  /* Receiver timeout clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, CTSCF, 9, 1)   /* CTS clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, LBDCF, 8, 1)   /* LIN break detection clear flag */
    /* TCBGTCF only on STM32L496xx/4A6xx devices */
    FIELD(ICR, TCCF, 6, 1)    /* Transmission complete clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, IDLECF, 4, 1)  /* Idle line detected clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, ORECF, 3, 1)   /* Overrun error clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, NCF, 2, 1)     /* Noise detected clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, FECF, 1, 1)    /* Framing error clear flag */
    FIELD(ICR, PECF, 0, 1)    /* Parity error clear flag */
REG32(RDR, 0x24)
    FIELD(RDR, RDR, 0, 9)
REG32(TDR, 0x28)
    FIELD(TDR, TDR, 0, 9)

static void stm32l4x5_update_irq(Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s)
{
    if (((s->isr & R_ISR_WUF_MASK) && (s->cr3 & R_CR3_WUFIE_MASK))        ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_CMF_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_CMIE_MASK))         ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_ABRF_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_RXNEIE_MASK))      ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_EOBF_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_EOBIE_MASK))       ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_RTOF_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_RTOIE_MASK))       ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_CTSIF_MASK) && (s->cr3 & R_CR3_CTSIE_MASK))      ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_LBDF_MASK) && (s->cr2 & R_CR2_LBDIE_MASK))       ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_TXE_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_TXEIE_MASK))        ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_TC_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_TCIE_MASK))          ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_RXNE_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_RXNEIE_MASK))      ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_IDLE_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_IDLEIE_MASK))      ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_ORE_MASK) &&
            ((s->cr1 & R_CR1_RXNEIE_MASK) || (s->cr3 & R_CR3_EIE_MASK)))  ||
        /* TODO: Handle NF ? */
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_FE_MASK) && (s->cr3 & R_CR3_EIE_MASK))           ||
        ((s->isr & R_ISR_PE_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_PEIE_MASK))) {
        qemu_irq_raise(s->irq);
        trace_stm32l4x5_usart_irq_raised(s->isr);
    } else {
        qemu_irq_lower(s->irq);
        trace_stm32l4x5_usart_irq_lowered();
    }
}

static int stm32l4x5_usart_base_can_receive(void *opaque)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = opaque;

    if (!(s->isr & R_ISR_RXNE_MASK)) {
        return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static void stm32l4x5_usart_base_receive(void *opaque, const uint8_t *buf,
                                         int size)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = opaque;

    if (!((s->cr1 & R_CR1_UE_MASK) && (s->cr1 & R_CR1_RE_MASK))) {
        trace_stm32l4x5_usart_receiver_not_enabled(
            FIELD_EX32(s->cr1, CR1, UE), FIELD_EX32(s->cr1, CR1, RE));
        return;
    }

    /* Check if overrun detection is enabled and if there is an overrun */
    if (!(s->cr3 & R_CR3_OVRDIS_MASK) && (s->isr & R_ISR_RXNE_MASK)) {
        /*
         * A character has been received while
         * the previous has not been read = Overrun.
         */
        s->isr |= R_ISR_ORE_MASK;
        trace_stm32l4x5_usart_overrun_detected(s->rdr, *buf);
    } else {
        /* No overrun */
        s->rdr = *buf;
        s->isr |= R_ISR_RXNE_MASK;
        trace_stm32l4x5_usart_rx(s->rdr);
    }

    stm32l4x5_update_irq(s);
}

/*
 * Try to send tx data, and arrange to be called back later if
 * we can't (ie the char backend is busy/blocking).
 */
static gboolean usart_transmit(void *do_not_use, GIOCondition cond,
                               void *opaque)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = STM32L4X5_USART_BASE(opaque);
    int ret;
    /* TODO: Handle 9 bits transmission */
    uint8_t ch = s->tdr;

    s->watch_tag = 0;

    if (!(s->cr1 & R_CR1_TE_MASK) || (s->isr & R_ISR_TXE_MASK)) {
        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
    }

    ret = qemu_chr_fe_write(&s->chr, &ch, 1);
    if (ret <= 0) {
        s->watch_tag = qemu_chr_fe_add_watch(&s->chr, G_IO_OUT | G_IO_HUP,
                                             usart_transmit, s);
        if (!s->watch_tag) {
            /*
             * Most common reason to be here is "no chardev backend":
             * just insta-drain the buffer, so the serial output
             * goes into a void, rather than blocking the guest.
             */
            goto buffer_drained;
        }
        /* Transmit pending */
        trace_stm32l4x5_usart_tx_pending();
        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
    }

buffer_drained:
    /* Character successfully sent */
    trace_stm32l4x5_usart_tx(ch);
    s->isr |= R_ISR_TC_MASK | R_ISR_TXE_MASK;
    stm32l4x5_update_irq(s);
    return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
}

static void usart_cancel_transmit(Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s)
{
    if (s->watch_tag) {
        g_source_remove(s->watch_tag);
        s->watch_tag = 0;
    }
}

static void stm32l4x5_update_params(Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s)
{
    int speed, parity, data_bits, stop_bits;
    uint32_t value, usart_div;
    QEMUSerialSetParams ssp;

    /* Select the parity type */
    if (s->cr1 & R_CR1_PCE_MASK) {
        if (s->cr1 & R_CR1_PS_MASK) {
            parity = 'O';
        } else {
            parity = 'E';
        }
    } else {
        parity = 'N';
    }

    /* Select the number of stop bits */
    switch (FIELD_EX32(s->cr2, CR2, STOP)) {
    case 0:
        stop_bits = 1;
        break;
    case 2:
        stop_bits = 2;
        break;
    default:
        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
            "UNIMPLEMENTED: fractionnal stop bits; CR2[13:12] = %u",
            FIELD_EX32(s->cr2, CR2, STOP));
        return;
    }

    /* Select the length of the word */
    switch ((FIELD_EX32(s->cr1, CR1, M1) << 1) | FIELD_EX32(s->cr1, CR1, M0)) {
    case 0:
        data_bits = 8;
        break;
    case 1:
        data_bits = 9;
        break;
    case 2:
        data_bits = 7;
        break;
    default:
        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
            "UNDEFINED: invalid word length, CR1.M = 0b11");
        return;
    }

    /* Select the baud rate */
    value = FIELD_EX32(s->brr, BRR, BRR);
    if (value < 16) {
        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
            "UNDEFINED: BRR less than 16: %u", value);
        return;
    }

    if (FIELD_EX32(s->cr1, CR1, OVER8) == 0) {
        /*
         * Oversampling by 16
         * BRR = USARTDIV
         */
        usart_div = value;
    } else {
        /*
         * Oversampling by 8
         * - BRR[2:0] = USARTDIV[3:0] shifted 1 bit to the right.
         * - BRR[3] must be kept cleared.
         * - BRR[15:4] = USARTDIV[15:4]
         * - The frequency is multiplied by 2
         */
        usart_div = ((value & 0xFFF0) | ((value & 0x0007) << 1)) / 2;
    }

    speed = clock_get_hz(s->clk) / usart_div;

    ssp.speed     = speed;
    ssp.parity    = parity;
    ssp.data_bits = data_bits;
    ssp.stop_bits = stop_bits;

    qemu_chr_fe_ioctl(&s->chr, CHR_IOCTL_SERIAL_SET_PARAMS, &ssp);

    trace_stm32l4x5_usart_update_params(speed, parity, data_bits, stop_bits);
}

static void stm32l4x5_usart_base_reset_hold(Object *obj, ResetType type)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = STM32L4X5_USART_BASE(obj);

    s->cr1 = 0x00000000;
    s->cr2 = 0x00000000;
    s->cr3 = 0x00000000;
    s->brr = 0x00000000;
    s->gtpr = 0x00000000;
    s->rtor = 0x00000000;
    s->isr = 0x020000C0;
    s->rdr = 0x00000000;
    s->tdr = 0x00000000;

    usart_cancel_transmit(s);
    stm32l4x5_update_irq(s);
}

static void usart_update_rqr(Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s, uint32_t value)
{
    /* TXFRQ */
    /* Reset RXNE flag */
    if (value & R_RQR_RXFRQ_MASK) {
        s->isr &= ~R_ISR_RXNE_MASK;
    }
    /* MMRQ */
    /* SBKRQ */
    /* ABRRQ */
    stm32l4x5_update_irq(s);
}

static uint64_t stm32l4x5_usart_base_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
                                     unsigned int size)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = opaque;
    uint64_t retvalue = 0;

    switch (addr) {
    case A_CR1:
        retvalue = s->cr1;
        break;
    case A_CR2:
        retvalue = s->cr2;
        break;
    case A_CR3:
        retvalue = s->cr3;
        break;
    case A_BRR:
        retvalue = FIELD_EX32(s->brr, BRR, BRR);
        break;
    case A_GTPR:
        retvalue = s->gtpr;
        break;
    case A_RTOR:
        retvalue = s->rtor;
        break;
    case A_RQR:
        /* RQR is a write only register */
        retvalue = 0x00000000;
        break;
    case A_ISR:
        retvalue = s->isr;
        break;
    case A_ICR:
        /* ICR is a clear register */
        retvalue = 0x00000000;
        break;
    case A_RDR:
        retvalue = FIELD_EX32(s->rdr, RDR, RDR);
        /* Reset RXNE flag */
        s->isr &= ~R_ISR_RXNE_MASK;
        stm32l4x5_update_irq(s);
        break;
    case A_TDR:
        retvalue = FIELD_EX32(s->tdr, TDR, TDR);
        break;
    default:
        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                      "%s: Bad offset 0x%"HWADDR_PRIx"\n", __func__, addr);
        break;
    }

    trace_stm32l4x5_usart_read(addr, retvalue);

    return retvalue;
}

static void stm32l4x5_usart_base_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
                                  uint64_t val64, unsigned int size)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = opaque;
    const uint32_t value = val64;

    trace_stm32l4x5_usart_write(addr, value);

    switch (addr) {
    case A_CR1:
        s->cr1 = value;
        stm32l4x5_update_params(s);
        stm32l4x5_update_irq(s);
        return;
    case A_CR2:
        s->cr2 = value;
        stm32l4x5_update_params(s);
        return;
    case A_CR3:
        s->cr3 = value;
        return;
    case A_BRR:
        s->brr = value;
        stm32l4x5_update_params(s);
        return;
    case A_GTPR:
        s->gtpr = value;
        return;
    case A_RTOR:
        s->rtor = value;
        return;
    case A_RQR:
        usart_update_rqr(s, value);
        return;
    case A_ISR:
        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                      "%s: ISR is read only !\n", __func__);
        return;
    case A_ICR:
        /* Clear the status flags */
        s->isr &= ~value;
        stm32l4x5_update_irq(s);
        return;
    case A_RDR:
        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                      "%s: RDR is read only !\n", __func__);
        return;
    case A_TDR:
        s->tdr = value;
        s->isr &= ~R_ISR_TXE_MASK;
        usart_transmit(NULL, G_IO_OUT, s);
        return;
    default:
        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                      "%s: Bad offset 0x%"HWADDR_PRIx"\n", __func__, addr);
    }
}

static const MemoryRegionOps stm32l4x5_usart_base_ops = {
    .read = stm32l4x5_usart_base_read,
    .write = stm32l4x5_usart_base_write,
    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
    .valid = {
        .max_access_size = 4,
        .min_access_size = 4,
        .unaligned = false
    },
    .impl = {
        .max_access_size = 4,
        .min_access_size = 4,
        .unaligned = false
    },
};

static Property stm32l4x5_usart_base_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_CHR("chardev", Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState, chr),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void stm32l4x5_usart_base_init(Object *obj)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = STM32L4X5_USART_BASE(obj);

    sysbus_init_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->irq);

    memory_region_init_io(&s->mmio, obj, &stm32l4x5_usart_base_ops, s,
                          TYPE_STM32L4X5_USART_BASE, 0x400);
    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->mmio);

    s->clk = qdev_init_clock_in(DEVICE(s), "clk", NULL, s, 0);
}

static int stm32l4x5_usart_base_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = (Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *)opaque;

    stm32l4x5_update_params(s);
    return 0;
}

static const VMStateDescription vmstate_stm32l4x5_usart_base = {
    .name = TYPE_STM32L4X5_USART_BASE,
    .version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id = 1,
    .post_load = stm32l4x5_usart_base_post_load,
    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
        VMSTATE_UINT32(cr1, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(cr2, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(cr3, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(brr, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(gtpr, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(rtor, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(isr, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(rdr, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(tdr, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_CLOCK(clk, Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    }
};


static void stm32l4x5_usart_base_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
    ERRP_GUARD();
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState *s = STM32L4X5_USART_BASE(dev);
    if (!clock_has_source(s->clk)) {
        error_setg(errp, "USART clock must be wired up by SoC code");
        return;
    }

    qemu_chr_fe_set_handlers(&s->chr, stm32l4x5_usart_base_can_receive,
                             stm32l4x5_usart_base_receive, NULL, NULL,
                             s, NULL, true);
}

static void stm32l4x5_usart_base_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    ResettableClass *rc = RESETTABLE_CLASS(klass);

    rc->phases.hold = stm32l4x5_usart_base_reset_hold;
    device_class_set_props(dc, stm32l4x5_usart_base_properties);
    dc->realize = stm32l4x5_usart_base_realize;
    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_stm32l4x5_usart_base;
}

static void stm32l4x5_usart_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseClass *subc = STM32L4X5_USART_BASE_CLASS(oc);

    subc->type = STM32L4x5_USART;
}

static void stm32l4x5_uart_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseClass *subc = STM32L4X5_USART_BASE_CLASS(oc);

    subc->type = STM32L4x5_UART;
}

static void stm32l4x5_lpuart_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
{
    Stm32l4x5UsartBaseClass *subc = STM32L4X5_USART_BASE_CLASS(oc);

    subc->type = STM32L4x5_LPUART;
}

static const TypeInfo stm32l4x5_usart_types[] = {
    {
        .name           = TYPE_STM32L4X5_USART_BASE,
        .parent         = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
        .instance_size  = sizeof(Stm32l4x5UsartBaseState),
        .instance_init  = stm32l4x5_usart_base_init,
        .class_init     = stm32l4x5_usart_base_class_init,
        .abstract       = true,
    }, {
        .name           = TYPE_STM32L4X5_USART,
        .parent         = TYPE_STM32L4X5_USART_BASE,
        .class_init     = stm32l4x5_usart_class_init,
    }, {
        .name           = TYPE_STM32L4X5_UART,
        .parent         = TYPE_STM32L4X5_USART_BASE,
        .class_init     = stm32l4x5_uart_class_init,
    }, {
        .name           = TYPE_STM32L4X5_LPUART,
        .parent         = TYPE_STM32L4X5_USART_BASE,
        .class_init     = stm32l4x5_lpuart_class_init,
    }
};

DEFINE_TYPES(stm32l4x5_usart_types)